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  1. Although body mass index (BMI) is the most widely accepted parameter for defining obesity, recent studies have indicated a unique set of patients who exhibit normal BMI and excess body fat (BF), which is terme...

    Authors: Shinae Kang, Chanhee Kyung, Jong Suk Park, Sohee Kim, Seung-Pyo Lee, Min Kyung Kim, Hye Kyung Kim, Kyung Rae Kim, Tae Joo Jeon and Chul Woo Ahn
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:70
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  2. It has been reported that GLP-1 agonist exenatide (exendin-4) decreases blood pressure. The dose-dependent vasodilator effect of exendin-4 has previously been demonstrated, although the precise mechanism is no...

    Authors: Eszter Sélley, Szilárd Kun, István András Szijártó, Boglárka Laczy, Tibor Kovács, Ferenc Fülöp, István Wittmann and Gergő A Molnár
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:69
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  3. Diabetic women are five times more likely to develop congestive heart failure compared with two fold for men. The underlying mechanism for this gender difference is not known. Here we investigate the molecular...

    Authors: Andrew Moore, Amol Shindikar, Ingrid Fomison-Nurse, Federica Riu, Pujika E Munasinghe, Thrishila Parshu Ram, Pankaj Saxena, Sean Coffey, Richard W Bunton, Ivor F Galvin, Michael JA Williams, Costanza Emanueli, Paolo Madeddu and Rajesh Katare
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:68
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  4. Whereas visceral abdominal adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with cardiometabolic risk, there is debate regarding the role of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT). The aim of this study was to investig...

    Authors: Chan-Hee Jung, Bo-Yeon Kim, Kyu-Jin Kim, Sang-Hee Jung, Chul-Hee Kim, Sung-Koo Kang and Ji-Oh Mok
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:67
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  5. The release of recent guidelines for high cholesterol, hypertension and diabetes in the U.S. has been accompanied by great noise and concerns, both in the academic circuits and the lay press. For persons aged ...

    Authors: Katherine Esposito, Antonio Ceriello, Stefano Genovese and Dario Giugliano
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:66
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  6. In recent years, several oral antidiabetic drugs with new mechanisms of action have become available, expanding the number of treatment options. Sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new clas...

    Authors: Kohei Kaku, Hirotaka Watada, Yasuhiko Iwamoto, Kazunori Utsunomiya, Yasuo Terauchi, Kazuyuki Tobe, Yukio Tanizawa, Eiichi Araki, Masamichi Ueda, Hideki Suganami and Daisuke Watanabe
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:65
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  7. Increased levels of the most electronegative type of LDL, L5, have been observed in the plasma of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and can induce endotheli...

    Authors: An-Sheng Lee, Wei-Yu Chen, Hua-Chen Chan, Jing-Fang Hsu, Ming-Yi Shen, Chia-Ming Chang, Henry Bair, Ming-Jai Su, Kuan-Cheng Chang and Chu-Huang Chen
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:64
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  8. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I(hs-TnI) and T levels(hs-TnT) are sensitive biomarkers of cardiomyocyte turnover or necrosis. Prior studies of the predictive role of hs-TnT in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)...

    Authors: Kai-Hang Yiu, Kui-Kai Lau, Chun-Ting Zhao, Yap-Hang Chan, Yan Chen, Zhe Zhen, Arthur Wong, Chu-Pak Lau and Hung-Fat Tse
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:63
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  9. In type 2 diabetic patients, cardiac events in the perioperative period may be associated with diminished myocardial vasomotor function and endothelial dysfunction. The influence of sevoflurane anaesthesia on ...

    Authors: Carolien SE Bulte, Charissa E van den Brom, Stephan A Loer, Christa Boer and R Arthur Bouwman
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:62
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  10. Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is closely associated with the presence of coronary artery plaques that are vulnerable to rupture. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have more VAT than patients without ...

    Authors: Kazuhiro Osawa, Toru Miyoshi, Yasushi Koyama, Shuhei Sato, Noriaki Akagi, Yusuke Morimitsu, Motoki Kubo, Hiroki Sugiyama, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Morita, Susumu Kanazawa and Hiroshi Ito
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:61
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  11. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor RAGE interaction contribute to endothelial cell damage in diabetes. Several thrombogenic abnormalities are also involved in diabetic vascular complications. ...

    Authors: Yuji Ishibashi, Takanori Matsui, Seiji Ueda, Kei Fukami and Sho-ichi Yamagishi
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:60
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  12. The National Kidney Foundation’s Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF’s KDOQI) staging system for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is based primarily on estimated GFR (eGFR). This study aimed at assessi...

    Authors: Giuseppe Pugliese, Anna Solini, Enzo Bonora, Emanuela Orsi, Gianpaolo Zerbini, Cecilia Fondelli, Gabriella Gruden, Franco Cavalot, Olga Lamacchia, Roberto Trevisan, Monica Vedovato and Giuseppe Penno
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:59
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  13. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with cerebral compromise, typically found in patients with microangiopathy. Associations between subclinical macroangiopathy and the brain, whether or not in the p...

    Authors: Eelco van Duinkerken, Richard G IJzerman, Nynke J van der Zijl, Frederik Barkhof, Petra JW Pouwels, Menno M Schoonheim, Annette C Moll, Jeannette Boerop, Alette M Wessels, Martin Klein, Frank J Snoek and Michaela Diamant
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:58
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  14. The last decades have provided insights into vitamin D physiology linked to glucose homeostasis. Uncertainties remain in obesity due to its intrinsic effects on vitamin D and glucose tolerance.

    Authors: Mattia Bellan, Gabriele Guzzaloni, Maura Rinaldi, Elena Merlotti, Carlotta Ferrari, Antonella Tagliaferri, Mario Pirisi, Gianluca Aimaretti, Massimo Scacchi and Paolo Marzullo
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:57
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  15. Non-fasting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins cholesterol (TRL-C) contributes to cardiovascular risk, in that it includes remnant cholesterol (RC). TRL-C is computed as total C - [LDL-C + HDL-C]. Such calculation...

    Authors: Michel P Hermans, Sylvie A Ahn and Michel F Rousseau
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:56
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  16. A chronic increase in blood flow in resistance arteries is associated with increased lumen diameter (outward remodeling) and improved endothelium (NO)-mediated relaxation. Flow-mediated remodeling of resistanc...

    Authors: Mohamed L Freidja, Emilie Vessières, Bertrand Toutain, Anne-Laure Guihot, Marc-Antoine Custaud, Laurent Loufrani, Céline Fassot and Daniel Henrion
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:55
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  17. Saturated fatty acid-rich high fat (HF) diets trigger abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiac dysfunction. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of nascent obesity on the ...

    Authors: Evangelia Mourmoura, Valérie Chaté, Karine Couturier, Brigitte Laillet, Guillaume Vial, Jean-Paul Rigaudiere, Béatrice Morio, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Kasra Azarnoush and Luc Demaison
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:54
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  18. The receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its ligand growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) are involved in the diabetic vascular disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Gas6/Axl system in high g...

    Authors: Chien-Hsing Lee, Yi-Shing Shieh, Fone-Ching Hsiao, Feng-Chih Kuo, Chih-Yuan Lin, Chang-Hsun Hsieh and Yi-Jen Hung
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:53
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  19. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, is a heterodimer consisting of HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits, and is implicated in calcification of cartilage and vasculature. The goa...

    Authors: Gang Li, Wei-hua Lu, Rong Ai, Jian-hong Yang, Fang Chen and Zhong-zhi Tang
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:52
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  20. The circulating soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) is a cytokine that modulates inflammatory and atherogenic reactions related to cardiometabolic risk. We investigated the association between ...

    Authors: Andrés Díaz-López, Mònica Bulló, Matilde R Chacón, Ramón Estruch, Joan Vendrell, Javier Díez-Espino, Montserrat Fitó, Dolores Corella and Jordi Salas-Salvadó
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:51
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  21. Obesity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Renal dopamine D1-like receptor-mediated diuresis and natriuresis are impaired in the obese Zucker rat, an obesity-related hypertensive rat mod...

    Authors: Jinjuan Fu, Yu Han, Hongyong Wang, Zhen Wang, Yukai Liu, Xingjian Chen, Yue Cai, Weiwei Guan, Di Yang, Laureano D Asico, Lin Zhou, Pedro A Jose and Chunyu Zeng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:50
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  22. Liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, has several non- glycemic properties, but its effect on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a recognized marker of subclinical atheroscleros...

    Authors: Manfredi Rizzo, Manisha Chandalia, Angelo Maria Patti, Vittoria Di Bartolo, Ali A Rizvi, Giuseppe Montalto and Nicola Abate
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:49
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  23. A plasma glucose value ≥155 mg/dl for 1-hour post-load plasma glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is able to identify subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at high-risk for type-2 diabe...

    Authors: Angela Sciacqua, Maria Perticone, Nadia Grillo, Tania Falbo, Giuseppe Bencardino, Elvira Angotti, Franco Arturi, Giuseppe Parlato, Giorgio Sesti and Francesco Perticone
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:48
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  24. Adiponectin’s effects on systemic physiology and cell-specific responses are well-defined, but little is known about how this insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory adipokine reaches its target cells. All m...

    Authors: Joseph M Rutkowski, Nils Halberg, Qiong A Wang, William L Holland, Jonathan Y Xia and Philipp E Scherer
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:47
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  25. Pregestational diabetes is a major risk factor of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Glutathione is depleted and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is elevated in diabetes. In the present study, we aimed t...

    Authors: Hoda Moazzen, Xiangru Lu, Noelle L Ma, Thomas J Velenosi, Brad L Urquhart, Lambertus J Wisse, Adriana C Gittenberger-de Groot and Qingping Feng
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:46
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  26. There has been controversy over the diagnostic thresholds of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) for diabetes. In addition, no study has examined the thresholds of glycated albumin (GA) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) for di...

    Authors: Naoko Mukai, Miho Yasuda, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Jun Hata, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Fumie Ikeda, Masayo Fukuhara, Taeko Hotta, Masafumi Koga, Udai Nakamura, Dongchon Kang, Takanari Kitazono and Yutaka Kiyohara
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:45
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  28. Heart failure with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is often associated with insulin resistance and inflammation. Recent studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors improve glucose metabo...

    Authors: Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Masashi Yoshida, Daiji Miura, Hiroki Oe, Satoshi Akagi, Hiroki Sugiyama, Kaoru Akazawa, Tomoko Yonezawa, Jun Wada and Hiroshi Ito
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:43
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  29. Diabetes is known to impair the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in the circulation, causing structural and functional alterations in the micro- and macro-vasculature. The aim of this study ...

    Authors: Daniel Barthelmes, Ling Zhu, Weiyong Shen, Mark C Gillies and Mohammad R Irhimeh
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:42
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  30. Vaspin is an adipocytokine that was recently identified in the visceral adipose tissue of diabetic rats and has anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects. We hypothesized that vaspin prevents inflammatory cyt...

    Authors: Chang Hee Jung, Min Jung Lee, Yu Mi Kang, Yoo La Lee, Hae Kyeong Yoon, Sang-Wook Kang, Woo Je Lee and Joong-Yeol Park
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:41
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  32. We examined the effect of chronic administration of angiotensin IV (AngIV) on the vascular alterations induced by type 1 diabetes in mice.

    Authors: Mohamad Nasser, Nicolas Clere, Laurent Botelle, James Javellaud, Nicole Oudart, Sébastien Faure and Jean-Michel Achard
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:40
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  33. Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular disease as it causes arterial stiffness changes. The purpose of this study is to characterize, in vivo, carotid arterial structural and functi...

    Authors: Li Zhang, Ji-Kai Yin, Yun-You Duan, Xi Liu, Lei Xu, Jia Wang, Yi-Lin Yang, Li-Jun Yuan and Tie-Sheng Cao
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:39
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  34. Cyclophilin A, an immunophilin is secreted from human monocytes activated by high glucose. Given its role as an inflammatory mediator of vascular tissue damage associated with inflammation and oxidative stress...

    Authors: Surya Ramachandran, Anila Venugopal, V Raman Kutty, Vinitha A, Divya G, V Chitrasree, Ajit Mullassari, N S Pratapchandran, K R Santosh, M Radhakrishna Pillai and C C Kartha
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:38
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  35. Alterations in extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microparticles, contribute to cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that obesity could favour enhanced release of EVs from adipose tissue, ...

    Authors: Mariëtte EG Kranendonk, Dominique PV de Kleijn, Eric Kalkhoven, Danny A Kanhai, Cuno SPM Uiterwaal, Yolanda van der Graaf, Gerard Pasterkamp and Frank LJ Visseren
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:37
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  36. Liraglutide treatment can improve glycemic control with a concomitant weight loss, but the underlying mechanism on weight loss is not completely understood. Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) can resist body f...

    Authors: Chun-Jun Li, Qian Yu, Pei Yu, Tie-Lian Yu, Qiu-Mei Zhang, Shan Lu and De-Min Yu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:36
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  37. Resveratrol is a natural compound that affects energy metabolism and is also known to possess an array of cardioprotective effects. However, its overall effects on energy metabolism and the underlying mechanis...

    Authors: Ren-Hong Du, Ting Dai, Wen-Jing Cao, Ming Lu, Jian-hua Ding and Gang Hu
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:35
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  38. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with higher cardiovascular risk partly related to an increase in inflammatory parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the association of inflammatory bio...

    Authors: Irene Vinagre, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, Juan Sánchez-Hernández, David Santos, Jordi Ordoñez-Llanos, Alberto De Leiva and Antonio Pérez
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:34
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  40. The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin, a new anti-diabetic medicine, is effective in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing the activation and duration of action of glucagon-like peptide-1....

    Authors: Yanmei Zeng, Chenzhong Li, Meiping Guan, Zongji Zheng, Jingjing Li, Wenwei Xu, Ling Wang, Feiying He and Yaoming Xue
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:32
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  41. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). One important feature underlying the pathophysiology of many types of CVD is microvascular dysfunction. Although com...

    Authors: Cristiane Aoqui, Stefan Chmielewski, Elias Scherer, Ruth Eißler, Daniel Sollinger, Irina Heid, Rickmer Braren, Christoph Schmaderer, Remco TA Megens, Christian Weber, Uwe Heemann, Matthias Tschöp and Marcus Baumann
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:31
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  42. Azilsartan, an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker (ARB), has a higher affinity for and slower dissociation from AT1 receptors and shows stronger inverse agonism compared to other ARBs. Possible benef...

    Authors: Sachiko Matsumoto, Michio Shimabukuro, Daiju Fukuda, Takeshi Soeki, Ken Yamakawa, Hiroaki Masuzaki and Masataka Sata
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:30
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  44. The Editors of Cardiovascular Diabetology wish to thank all reviewers, both Editorial Board Members and external referees, who contributed to the journal in 2013 (Volume 12), and whose enthusiastic support in ...

    Authors: Alexander Tenenbaum and Enrique Fisman
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:18
    Content type: Reviewer acknowledgement Published on:

  45. Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for the development of hypertension, contributing to cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycaemia-mediated neurohormonal activation increases arterial...

    Authors: David ZI Cherney, Bruce A Perkins, Nima Soleymanlou, Ronnie Har, Nora Fagan, Odd Erik Johansen, Hans-Juergen Woerle, Maximilian von Eynatten and Uli C Broedl
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:28
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  46. AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates the coordination of anabolic and catabolic processes and is an attractive therapeutic target for T2DM, obesity and metabolic syndrome. We report the anti-hyperglyc...

    Authors: Tharappel M Anil, Chandrashekaran Harish, Mudigere N Lakshmi, KrishnaReddy Harsha, Mallappa Onkaramurthy, Venkatesh Sathish Kumar, Nitya Shree, Venkatachalaiah Geetha, Gundalmandikal V Balamurali, Aralakuppe S Gopala, Bobbili Madhusudhan Reddy, Madabosse K Govind, Mammen O Anup, Yoganand Moolemath, Marikunte V Venkataranganna, Madanahalli R Jagannath…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:27
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  47. Cardiovascular disease poses a major challenge for the 21st century, exacerbated by the pandemics of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. While best standards of care, including high-dose statins, ...

    Authors: Jean-Charles Fruchart, Jean Davignon, Michel P Hermans, Khalid Al-Rubeaan, Pierre Amarenco, Gerd Assmann, Philip Barter, John Betteridge, Eric Bruckert, Ada Cuevas, Michel Farnier, Ele Ferrannini, Paola Fioretto, Jacques Genest, Henry N Ginsberg, Antonio M Gotto Jr…
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:26
    Content type: Review Published on:

  48. The associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or diabetes mellitus (DM) on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have not been extensively evaluated. The aim of the present study was ...

    Authors: Ville Hällberg, Ari Palomäki, Jorma Lahtela, Seppo Voutilainen, Matti Tarkka and Matti Kataja
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:25
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  49. The liver-specific glucokinase knockout (gckw/–) mouse experiences long-term hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. This study was designed to evaluate the functional and structural changes in the myocardium of 60...

    Authors: Hui Li, Xi Wang, Yiqing Mao, Ruobi Hu, Wei Xu, Zhen Lei, Na Zhou, Ling Jin, Tingting Guo, Zhixin Li, David M Irwin, Gang Niu and Huanran Tan
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:24
    Content type: Original investigation Published on:

  50. Obesity and particularly the metabolic syndrome, which is often associated with obesity, combine a major risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence indicate obesity-associated subcl...

    Authors: Angelika Neuhofer, Bernhard Wernly, Lukas Leitner, Alisina Sarabi, Nicole G Sommer, Günther Staffler, Maximilian Zeyda and Thomas M Stulnig
    Citation: Cardiovascular Diabetology 2014 13:23
    Content type: Methodology Published on:
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840