Articles

SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and fibrosis in diabetic mice heart

Hyperglycaemia associated with myocardial oxidative stress and fibrosis is the main cause of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor has recently been reporte...

Authors: Chenguang Li, Jie Zhang, Mei Xue, Xiaoyu Li, Fei Han, Xiangyang Liu, Linxin Xu, Yunhong Lu, Ying Cheng, Ting Li, Xiaochen Yu, Bei Sun and Liming Chen

Comparative effects of lipid lowering, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive and antiplatelet medications on carotid artery intima-media thickness progression: a network meta-analysis

Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression is a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis with a high predictive value for future CVD risk. This study evaluates the comparative efficacies of lipid lowe...

Authors: Rongzhong Huang, Kerry Mills, Julio Romero, Yan Li, Zicheng Hu, Yu Cao, Hua Huang, Yu Xu and Lihong Jiang

Early dysregulation of cardiac-specific microRNA-208a is linked to maladaptive cardiac remodelling in diabetic myocardium

The diabetic heart undergoes remodelling contributing to an increased incidence of heart failure in individuals with diabetes at a later stage. The molecular regulators that drive this process in the diabetic ...

Authors: Shruti Rawal, Prashanth Thevakar Nagesh, Sean Coffey, Isabelle Van Hout, Ivor F. Galvin, Richard W. Bunton, Philip Davis, Michael J. A. Williams and Rajesh Katare

Concerns about clinical efficacy and safety of warfarin in diabetic patients with atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in elderly people. The risk of thromboembolic stroke is increased in AF patients, especially those with diabetes. Anticoagulant therapy, such as w...

Authors: Sho-ichi Yamagishi

Remnant lipoproteins play an important role of in-stent restenosis in type 2 diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a single-centre observational cohort study

Increasing evidence has suggested that the presence of remnant lipoproteins is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis. Remnant lipoproteins are lipoproteins that are rich in triglycerides (TGs), and the...

Authors: Zheng Qin, Kuo Zhou, Yue-ping Li, Jian-long Wang, Wan-jun Cheng, Cheng-ping Hu, Chao Shi, Hua He and Yu-jie Zhou

PDM-ProValue meets cardiovascular outcome trials in diabetes

Novel studies have increased our knowledge regarding optimal treatment options in diabetes. Key studies that have broadened our knowledge about optimal treatment options in diabetes in recent years are cardiov...

Authors: Katharina Fritzen and Oliver Schnell

Developmental trajectories of body mass index from childhood into late adolescence and subsequent late adolescence–young adulthood cardiometabolic risk markers

Reports on body mass index (BMI) trajectories from childhood into late adolescence, their determinants, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk markers, particularly among European populations have been few. Moreo...

Authors: Kolade Oluwagbemigun, Anette E. Buyken, Ute Alexy, Matthias Schmid, Christian Herder and Ute Nöthlings

Association between serum haptoglobin and carotid arterial functions: usefulness of a targeted metabolomics approach

Serum haptoglobin (Hp) has been closely associated with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. We investigated a metabolic profile associated with circulating Hp and carotid arterial functions via a targeted metabol...

Authors: Shiyun Wang, Jie Wang, Rong Zhang, Aihua Zhao, Xiaojiao Zheng, Dandan Yan, Feng Jiang, Wei Jia, Cheng Hu and Weiping Jia

MiR-30c/PGC-1β protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy via PPARα

Metabolic abnormalities have been implicated as a causal event in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolic disorder in DCM were not fully understood.

Authors: Zhongwei Yin, Yanru Zhao, Mengying He, Huaping Li, Jiahui Fan, Xiang Nie, Mengwen Yan, Chen Chen and Dao Wen Wang

Reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction with sodium–glucose linked cotransporter-2 inhibitors: evident and plausible

Authors: Richard E. Gilbert and Kim A. Connelly

Sortilin levels are associated with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic subjects

Sortilin is a 95-kDa protein which has recently been linked to circulating cholesterol concentration and lifetime risk of developing significant atherosclerotic disease. Sortilin is found inside different cell...

Authors: Federico Biscetti, Nicola Bonadia, Francesco Santini, Flavia Angelini, Elisabetta Nardella, Dario Pitocco, Angelo Santoliquido, Marco Filipponi, Raffaele Landolfi and Andrea Flex

Improved outcome of patients with diabetes mellitus with good glycemic control in the cardiac intensive care unit: a retrospective study

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. A primary burden of DM is related to its long-term complications, which have been shown to impact the course of h...

Authors: Kassem Sharif, Suheil Ghadir, Daniela Jakubowicz, Howard Amital, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Abdulla Watad, Julio Wainstein and Yosefa Bar-Dayan

Epicardial fat tissue in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) is the visceral fat distributed along the coronary arteries between the pericardium and the myocardium. Increases in EFT are closely related to the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (...

Authors: Yingrui Li, Bin Liu, Yu Li, Xiaodong Jing, Songbai Deng, Yulin Yan and Qiang She

Prognostic impact of carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaques on the development of micro- and macrovascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study

The prognostic importance of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with diabetes is unsettled. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between parameters of carotid atherosclerosis and the future occurrence of...

Authors: Claudia R. L. Cardoso, Guilherme C. Salles, Nathalie C. Leite and Gil F. Salles

Targeting the glucagon receptor improves cardiac function and enhances insulin sensitivity following a myocardial infarction

In heart failure the myocardium becomes insulin resistant which negatively influences cardiac energy metabolism and function, while increasing cardiac insulin signalling improves cardiac function and prevents ...

Authors: Qutuba G. Karwi, Liyan Zhang, Cory S. Wagg, Wang Wang, Manoj Ghandi, Dung Thai, Hai Yan, John R. Ussher, Gavin Y. Oudit and Gary D. Lopaschuk

A 23-year study of mortality and development of co-morbidities in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery (laparoscopic gastric banding) in comparison with medical treatment of obesity

Several studies have shown that bariatric surgery reduces long term mortality compared to medical weight loss therapy. In a previous study we have demonstrated that gastric banding (LAGB) is associated with re...

Authors: Antonio E. Pontiroli, Ahmed S. Zakaria, Marco Fanchini, Chiara Osio, Elena Tagliabue, Giancarlo Micheletto, Alessandro Saibene and Franco Folli

Alogliptin prevents diastolic dysfunction and preserves left ventricular mitochondrial function in diabetic rabbits

There are increasing evidence that left ventricle diastolic dysfunction is the initial functional alteration in the diabetic myocardium. In this study, we hypothesized that alogliptin prevents diastolic dysfun...

Authors: Xiaowei Zhang, Zhiwei Zhang, Yajuan Yang, Ya Suo, Ruimeng Liu, Jiuchun Qiu, Yungang Zhao, Ning Jiang, Changle Liu, Gary Tse, Guangping Li and Tong Liu

Correction to: Thrombus aspiration in hyperglycemic ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients: clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in Acknowledgment section. The last sentence should read as “All authors have read and approval the submission to Cardiovascular...

Authors: Celestino Sardu, Michelangela Barbieri, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, Mario Siniscalchi, Pasquale Paolisso, Paolo Calabrò, Fabio Minicucci, Giuseppe Signoriello, Michele Portoghese, Pasquale Mone, Davide D’Andrea, Felice Gragnano, Alessandro Bellis, Ciro Mauro, Giuseppe Paolisso, Maria Rosaria Rizzo…

Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors for CVD include an elevation of LDL (LDLp) and small HDL (sHDLp) particles, and a decrease in rever...

Authors: Evgenia Gourgari, Martin P. Playford, Umberto Campia, Amit K. Dey, Fran Cogen, Stephanie Gubb-Weiser, Mihriye Mete, Sameer Desale, Maureen Sampson, Allen Taylor, Kristina I. Rother, Alan T. Remaley and Nehal N. Mehta

GLP-1RAs in type 2 diabetes: mechanisms that underlie cardiovascular effects and overview of cardiovascular outcome data

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a substantial risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The strong connection between the severity of hyperglycaemia, metabolic changes secondary to T2DM and vascular...

Authors: Andrei C. Sposito, Otávio Berwanger, Luiz Sérgio F. de Carvalho and José Francisco Kerr Saraiva

Associations between epicardial adipose tissue, subclinical atherosclerosis and high-density lipoprotein composition in type 1 diabetes

The pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains unclear. An increase in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and alterations in the composition of high-density lipo...

Authors: Cristina Colom, David Viladés, Montserrat Pérez-Cuellar, Rubén Leta, Andrea Rivas-Urbina, Gemma Carreras, Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos, Antonio Pérez and Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada

Effect of statins on fasting glucose in non-diabetic individuals: nationwide population-based health examination in Korea

Increasing evidence suggest that statin therapy has a diabetogenic effect. Individual types of statin may have a different effect on glucose metabolism. Using the repeated nationwide population-based health sc...

Authors: Jinkwon Kim, Hye Sun Lee and Kyung-Yul Lee

Cognitive function in adolescence and the risk for premature diabetes and cardiovascular mortality in adulthood

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between cognitive function in youth and the future risk of death. Less is known regarding the relationship with diabetes related death. This study asses...

Authors: Gilad Twig, Amir Tirosh, Estela Derazne, Ziona Haklai, Nehama Goldberger, Arnon Afek, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Jeremy D. Kark and Tali Cukierman-Yaffe

Empagliflozin on top of metformin treatment improves arterial function in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Deteriorated arterial function and high incidence of cardiovascular events characterise diabetes mellitus. Metformin and recent antidiabetic drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors, reduce cardiovascular events. We explored t...

Authors: Mojca Lunder, Miodrag Janić, Miha Japelj, Andrej Juretič, Andrej Janež and Mišo Šabovič

Thrombus aspiration in hyperglycemic ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients: clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up

We evaluate whether the thrombus aspiration (TA) before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) may improve STEMI outcomes in hyperglycemic patients.

Authors: Celestino Sardu, Michelangela Barbieri, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, Mario Siniscalchi, Pasquale Paolisso, Paolo Calabrò, Fabio Minicucci, Giuseppe Signoriello, Michele Portoghese, Pasquale Mone, Davide D’Andrea, Felice Gragnano, Alessandro Bellis, Ciro Mauro, Giuseppe Paolisso, Maria Rosaria Rizzo…

Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on short- and long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a frequent co-morbidity among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of DM on the early- and long-...

Authors: Alexander Kogan, Eilon Ram, Shany Levin, Enrique Z. Fisman, Alexander Tenenbaum, Ehud Raanani and Leonid Sternik

Vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: prevalence and associated factors in 38 countries (the DISCOVER study program)

The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes-related complications is not well described. We assessed prevalence of vascular complications at baseline in DISCOVER (NCT02322762; NCT02226822), a global, prospective,...

Authors: Mikhail Kosiborod, Marilia B. Gomes, Antonio Nicolucci, Stuart Pocock, Wolfgang Rathmann, Marina V. Shestakova, Hirotaka Watada, Iichiro Shimomura, Hungta Chen, Javier Cid-Ruzafa, Peter Fenici, Niklas Hammar, Filip Surmont, Fengming Tang and Kamlesh Khunti

Increased glycated albumin and decreased esRAGE levels in serum are related to negative coronary artery remodeling in patients with type 2 diabetes: an Intravascular ultrasound study

Negative coronary artery remodeling is frequent in patients with diabetes, but its mechanism remains unclear. We here evaluated the association of serum levels of glycated albumin (GA) and endogenous secretory...

Authors: Run Du, Rui Yan Zhang, Lin Lu, Ying Shen, Li Jin Pu, Zheng Bin Zhu, Qi Zhang, Jian Hu, Zhen Kun Yang, Feng Hua Ding, Jian Sheng Zhang and Wei Feng Shen

Does glucagon have a positive inotropic effect in the human heart?

Glucagon is considered to exert cardiostimulant effects, most notably the enhancement of heart rate and contractility, due to the stimulation of glucagon receptors associated with Gs protein stimulation which ...

Authors: Jesus Hernández-Cascales

Prevalence and in-hospital outcomes of diabetes among patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome Project

Guidelines have classified patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes as a special population, with specific sections presented for the management of these patients considering their extremely hi...

Authors: Mengge Zhou, Jing Liu, Yongchen Hao, Jun Liu, Yong Huo, Sidney C. Smith Jr., Junbo Ge, Changsheng Ma, Yaling Han, Gregg C. Fonarow, Kathryn A. Taubert, Louise Morgan, Na Yang, Yueyan Xing and Dong Zhao

Polyhedrocytes in blood clots of type 2 diabetic patients with high cardiovascular risk: association with glycemia, oxidative stress and platelet activation

Little is known about factors that affect the composition of contracted blood clots in specific diseases. We investigated the content of polyhedral erythrocytes (polyhedrocytes) formed in blood clots and its d...

Authors: Grzegorz Gajos, Aleksander Siniarski, Joanna Natorska, Michał Ząbczyk, Jakub Siudut, Krzysztof Piotr Malinowski, Renata Gołębiowska-Wiatrak, Paweł Rostoff and Anetta Undas

Unrecognised cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: is it time to act earlier?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most significant prognostic factor in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, a significant number of individuals may develop CVD that does not present with the cla...

Authors: Guntram Schernthaner, Chaim Lotan, Elina Baltadzhieva-Trendafilova, Jonas Ceponis, Martin Clodi, Kristine Ducena, Eva Goncalvesova, Cristian Guja, Marek Honka, Andrej Janež, Nebojša Lalić, Roger Lehmann, Noémi Nyolczas, Priit Pauklin, Andrzej Rynkiewicz, Igor Sergienko…

A SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin suppresses prolonged ventricular-repolarization through augmentation of mitochondrial function in insulin-resistant metabolic syndrome rats

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent risk factor for cardiac dysfunction. Although SGLT2-inhibitors have important cardioprotective effects in hyperglycemia, their underlying mechanisms are complex and not...

Authors: Aysegul Durak, Yusuf Olgar, Sinan Degirmenci, Erman Akkus, Erkan Tuncay and Belma Turan

Correlations between serum concentration of three bone-derived factors and obesity and visceral fat accumulation in a cohort of middle aged men and women

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationships between three bone-derived factors [serum osteocalcin (OCN), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (N...

Authors: Yiting Xu, Xiaojing Ma, Xiaoping Pan, Xingxing He, Yunfeng Xiao and Yuqian Bao

The negative effect of ANGPTL8 on HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity

It is well known that angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) exerts its effects on lipid metabolism through the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase and subsequent elevation of plasma triglyceride. However, it is n...

Authors: Mengdie Luo, Ziyu Zhang, Yani Peng, Shuai Wang and Daoquan Peng

Platelet activity and hypercoagulation in type 2 diabetes

A strong correlation exists between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with CVD and the presence of atherosclerosis being the prevailing cause of morbidity and mortality in diabe...

Authors: Lesha Pretorius, Greig J. A. Thomson, Rozanne C. M. Adams, Theo A. Nell, Willem A. Laubscher and Etheresia Pretorius

Impact of intravenous exenatide infusion for perioperative blood glucose control on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: sub study of the phase II/III ExSTRESS randomized trial

The aim of the study was to investigate whether intravenous (iv) infusion of exenatide, a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist, could provide a protective effect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury afte...

Authors: Guillaume Besch, Andrea Perrotti, Lucie Salomon du Mont, Marc Puyraveau, Xavier Ben-Said, Maude Baltres, Benoit Barrucand, Guillaume Flicoteaux, Lucie Vettoretti, Emmanuel Samain, Sidney Chocron and Sebastien Pili-Floury

Left ventricular subclinical myocardial dysfunction in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired myocardial perfusion: a contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

Early detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is essential for recommending therapeutic interventions that can prevent or reverse heart failure, thereby improvin...

Authors: Xi Liu, Zhi-gang Yang, Yue Gao, Lin-jun Xie, Li Jiang, Bi-yue Hu, Kai-yue Diao, Ke Shi, Hua-yan Xu, Meng-ting Shen, Yan Ren and Ying-kun Guo

Lower extremity arterial disease in patients with diabetes: a contemporary narrative review

Lower-extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a major endemic disease with an alarming increased prevalence worldwide. It is a common and severe condition with excess risk of major cardiovascular events and death...

Authors: Mathilde Nativel, Louis Potier, Laure Alexandre, Laurence Baillet-Blanco, Eric Ducasse, Gilberto Velho, Michel Marre, Ronan Roussel, Vincent Rigalleau and Kamel Mohammedi

Cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRTd) in failing heart patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and treated by glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) therapy vs. conventional hypoglycemic drugs: arrhythmic burden, hospitalizations for heart failure, and CRTd responders rate

To evaluate clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes, treated by cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT-d), and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in addition to conve...

Authors: Celestino Sardu, Pasquale Paolisso, Cosimo Sacra, Matteo Santamaria, Claudio de Lucia, Antonio Ruocco, Ciro Mauro, Giuseppe Paolisso, Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Michelangela Barbieri and Raffaele Marfella

Hyperglycemia and risk of ventricular tachycardia among patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction

Little is known about the association of hyperglycemia with the development of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) which we examined in the present stud...

Authors: Hoang V. Tran, Joel M. Gore, Chad E. Darling, Arlene S. Ash, Catarina I. Kiefe and Robert J. Goldberg

Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the utilization and in-hospital outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement in Spain (2001–2015)

The aims of this study were to examine trends in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of SAVR among T2DM patients from 2001 to 2015, to compare clinical variables among T2DM patients and matched non-T2DM pat...

Authors: Ana López-de-Andrés, Napoleon Perez-Farinos, Javier de Miguel-Díez, Valentín Hernández-Barrera, Manuel Méndez-Bailón, José M. de Miguel-Yanes and Rodrigo Jiménez-García

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue that surrounds most of the vasculature, has emerged as an active component of the blood vessel wall regulating vascular homeostasis and affecting the path...

Authors: Xiao-Yan Qi, Shun-Lin Qu, Wen-Hao Xiong, Oren Rom, Lin Chang and Zhi-Sheng Jiang

Rising plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and hypoadiponectinemia characterize the cardiometabolic biomarker profile of women with recent gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes (GDM) and milder gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) identify women at risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. Accordingly, the postpartum ye...

Authors: Sadia Mehmood, Chang Ye, Philip W. Connelly, Anthony J. Hanley, Bernard Zinman and Ravi Retnakaran

Impact of dapagliflozin on left ventricular diastolic function of patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus with chronic heart failure

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with ...

Authors: Fumitaka Soga, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kazuhiro Tatsumi, Yasuhide Mochizuki, Hiroyuki Sano, Hiromi Toki, Kensuke Matsumoto, Junya Shite, Hideyuki Takaoka, Tomofumi Doi and Ken-ichi Hirata

Impaired glucose metabolism is associated with increased thrombin generation potential in patients undergoing angioplasty and stenting

As a strong platelet agonist on the one hand and key molecule in plasmatic coagulation on the other hand, thrombin connects primary and secondary hemostasis. Thrombin generation potential reflects the individu...

Authors: Silvia Lee, Cihan Ay, Christoph W. Kopp, Simon Panzer and Thomas Gremmel

Both pre-frailty and frailty increase healthcare utilization and adverse health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) correlates with accelerated aging and earlier appearance of geriatric phenotypes, including frailty. However, whether pre-frailty or frailty predicts greater healthcare utilization in di...

Authors: Chia-Ter Chao, Jui Wang and Kuo-Liong Chien

Effects of oral antidiabetic drugs on left ventricular mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis

We used a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to comparatively examine the effects of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) on left ventricular mass (LVM) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Authors: Satoshi Ida, Ryutaro Kaneko and Kazuya Murata

Early vascular parameters in the micro- and macrocirculation in type 2 diabetes

Diabetes converts from a metabolic disorder into a predominantly vascular disease, once its duration extends over several years or/and when additional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension coexist. ...

Authors: Dennis Kannenkeril, Agnes Bosch, Joanna Harazny, Marina Karg, Susanne Jung, Christian Ott and Roland E. Schmieder

ACE2 polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in Uygurs with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), rapidly increasing to epidemic proportions, globally escalates cardiovascular disease risk. Although intensive interventions and comprehensive management of environmental risks ...

Authors: Cheng Liu, Yanfang Li, Tianwang Guan, Yanxian Lai, Yan Shen, Abudurexiti Zeyaweiding, Haiyan Zhao, Fang Li and Tutiguli Maimaiti