Articles

Hyperglycemia and risk of ventricular tachycardia among patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction

Little is known about the association of hyperglycemia with the development of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) which we examined in the present stud...

Authors: Hoang V. Tran, Joel M. Gore, Chad E. Darling, Arlene S. Ash, Catarina I. Kiefe and Robert J. Goldberg

Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the utilization and in-hospital outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement in Spain (2001–2015)

The aims of this study were to examine trends in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of SAVR among T2DM patients from 2001 to 2015, to compare clinical variables among T2DM patients and matched non-T2DM pat...

Authors: Ana López-de-Andrés, Napoleon Perez-Farinos, Javier de Miguel-Díez, Valentín Hernández-Barrera, Manuel Méndez-Bailón, José M. de Miguel-Yanes and Rodrigo Jiménez-García

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue that surrounds most of the vasculature, has emerged as an active component of the blood vessel wall regulating vascular homeostasis and affecting the path...

Authors: Xiao-Yan Qi, Shun-Lin Qu, Wen-Hao Xiong, Oren Rom, Lin Chang and Zhi-Sheng Jiang

Rising plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and hypoadiponectinemia characterize the cardiometabolic biomarker profile of women with recent gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes (GDM) and milder gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) identify women at risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. Accordingly, the postpartum ye...

Authors: Sadia Mehmood, Chang Ye, Philip W. Connelly, Anthony J. Hanley, Bernard Zinman and Ravi Retnakaran

Impact of dapagliflozin on left ventricular diastolic function of patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus with chronic heart failure

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with ...

Authors: Fumitaka Soga, Hidekazu Tanaka, Kazuhiro Tatsumi, Yasuhide Mochizuki, Hiroyuki Sano, Hiromi Toki, Kensuke Matsumoto, Junya Shite, Hideyuki Takaoka, Tomofumi Doi and Ken-ichi Hirata

Impaired glucose metabolism is associated with increased thrombin generation potential in patients undergoing angioplasty and stenting

As a strong platelet agonist on the one hand and key molecule in plasmatic coagulation on the other hand, thrombin connects primary and secondary hemostasis. Thrombin generation potential reflects the individu...

Authors: Silvia Lee, Cihan Ay, Christoph W. Kopp, Simon Panzer and Thomas Gremmel

Effects of oral antidiabetic drugs on left ventricular mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis

We used a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to comparatively examine the effects of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) on left ventricular mass (LVM) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Authors: Satoshi Ida, Ryutaro Kaneko and Kazuya Murata

Both pre-frailty and frailty increase healthcare utilization and adverse health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) correlates with accelerated aging and earlier appearance of geriatric phenotypes, including frailty. However, whether pre-frailty or frailty predicts greater healthcare utilization in di...

Authors: Chia-Ter Chao, Jui Wang and Kuo-Liong Chien

Early vascular parameters in the micro- and macrocirculation in type 2 diabetes

Diabetes converts from a metabolic disorder into a predominantly vascular disease, once its duration extends over several years or/and when additional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension coexist. ...

Authors: Dennis Kannenkeril, Agnes Bosch, Joanna Harazny, Marina Karg, Susanne Jung, Christian Ott and Roland E. Schmieder

ACE2 polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in Uygurs with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), rapidly increasing to epidemic proportions, globally escalates cardiovascular disease risk. Although intensive interventions and comprehensive management of environmental risks ...

Authors: Cheng Liu, Yanfang Li, Tianwang Guan, Yanxian Lai, Yan Shen, Abudurexiti Zeyaweiding, Haiyan Zhao, Fang Li and Tutiguli Maimaiti

The role of physical activity in the development of first cardiovascular disease event: a tree-structured survival analysis of the Danish ADDITION-PRO cohort

Ambiguity exists in relation to the role of physical activity (PA) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. We examined the interplay between PA dimensions and more conventional CVD risk factors to ass...

Authors: Hanan Amadid, Nanna B. Johansen, Anne-Louise Bjerregaard, Søren Brage, Kristine Færch, Torsten Lauritzen, Daniel R. Witte, Annelli Sandbæk, Marit E. Jørgensen and Dorte Vistisen

Midlife development of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in women by history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Women with history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of early onset cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to investigate the extent to which HDP is also as...

Authors: Simon Timpka, Amanda Markovitz, Tommy Schyman, Ingrid Mogren, Abigail Fraser, Paul W. Franks and Janet W. Rich-Edwards

Type 2 diabetes is independently associated with all-cause mortality secondary to ventricular tachyarrhythmias

The study sought to assess the prognostic impact of type 2 diabetes in patients presenting with ventricular tachyarrhythmias on admission.

Authors: Kathrin Weidner, Michael Behnes, Tobias Schupp, Jonas Rusnak, Linda Reiser, Armin Bollow, Gabriel Taton, Thomas Reichelt, Dominik Ellguth, Niko Engelke, Jorge Hoppner, Ibrahim El-Battrawy, Kambis Mashayekhi, Christel Weiß, Martin Borggrefe and Ibrahim Akin

MiR-21 protected against diabetic cardiomyopathy induced diastolic dysfunction by targeting gelsolin

Diabetes is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across the world. Over 50% of deaths among diabetic patients are caused by cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac diastolic dysfunction is one of the key early ...

Authors: Beibei Dai, Huaping Li, Jiahui Fan, Yanru Zhao, Zhongwei Yin, Xiang Nie, Dao Wen Wang and Chen Chen

Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies

The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95...

Authors: Raminderjit Kaur, Manpreet Kaur and Jatinder Singh

Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease

For many years, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death around the world. Often associated with CVD are comorbidities such as obesity, abnormal lipid profiles and insulin resistance. I...

Authors: Valeska Ormazabal, Soumyalekshmi Nair, Omar Elfeky, Claudio Aguayo, Carlos Salomon and Felipe A. Zuñiga

Metabolomic profiling implicates adiponectin as mediator of a favorable lipoprotein profile associated with NT-proBNP

The N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is an important biomarker for the diagnosis of heart failure. Apart from this and only recently recognized, NT-proBNP levels associate with hi...

Authors: Annette Masuch, Maik Pietzner, Martin Bahls, Kathrin Budde, Gabi Kastenmüller, Stephanie Zylla, Anna Artati, Jerzy Adamski, Henry Völzke, Marcus Dörr, Stephan B. Felix, Matthias Nauck and Nele Friedrich

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk: does dose really matter?

There is a vast disagreement in relation to the possible beneficial effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFA) supplementation in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The confl...

Authors: Alexander Tenenbaum and Enrique Z. Fisman

Development of predictive risk models for major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using health insurance claims data

There exist several predictive risk models for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including some developed specifically for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the models developed for a diabeti...

Authors: James B. Young, Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, Robert A. Bailey, Ameur M. Manceur, Patrick Lefebvre, Morris Greenberg, Marie-Hélène Lafeuille, Mei Sheng Duh, Brahim Bookhart and Carol H. Wysham

Cardiovascular benefit in the limelight: shifting type 2 diabetes treatment paradigm towards early combination therapy in patients with overt cardiovascular disease

Authors: Naim Shehadeh, Itamar Raz and Afif Nakhleh

Glycemic variability determined with a continuous glucose monitoring system can predict prognosis after acute coronary syndrome

Impaired glucose metabolism is an established risk factor for coronary artery disease. Previous studies revealed that glycemic variability (GV) is also important for glucose metabolism in patients with acute c...

Authors: Hironori Takahashi, Noriaki Iwahashi, Jin Kirigaya, Shunsuke Kataoka, Yugo Minamimoto, Masaomi Gohbara, Takeru Abe, Kozo Okada, Yasushi Matsuzawa, Masaaki Konishi, Nobuhiko Maejima, Kiyoshi Hibi, Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Kouichi Tamura and Kazuo Kimura

Correction to: Regulation of diabetic cardiomyopathy by caloric restriction is mediated by intracellular signaling pathways involving ‘SIRT1 and PGC-1α’

Unfortunately, after publication of this article [1], it was noticed that Table 1 contained errors introduced during the production process. In the WT + AT column, the FS value is 21 ± 7 and the Body Weight va...

Authors: Maayan Waldman, Keren Cohen, Dor Yadin, Vadim Nudelman, Dan Gorfil, Michal Laniado-Schwartzman, Ran Kornwoski, Dan Aravot, Nader G. Abraham, Michael Arad and Edith Hochhauser

Overweight and obesity impair left ventricular systolic function as measured by left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain

Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and heart failure but it is unclear to which extent it is related to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The aim o...

Authors: Peter Blomstrand, Peter Sjöblom, Mats Nilsson, Magnus Wijkman, Martin Engvall, Toste Länne, Fredrik H. Nyström, Carl Johan Östgren and Jan Engvall

Biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents versus second-generation drug-eluting stents in patients with and without diabetes mellitus: a single-center study

To improve outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention remain an unmet clinical need. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of G2-DESs and BP-DE...

Authors: Xiao-Fang Tang, Yuan-Liang Ma, Ying Song, Jing-Jing Xu, Yi Yao, Chen He, Huan-Huan Wang, Ping Jiang, Lin Jiang, Ru Liu, Zhan Gao, Xue-yan Zhao, Shu-Bin Qiao, Yue-Jin Yang, Run-Lin Gao, Bo Xu…

Low muscle quality in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with visceral fat accumulation

Although obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sarcopenia in the elderly have been increasing worldwide, the associations among visceral fat accumulation, skeletal muscle indices (mass, strength,...

Authors: Jun Murai, Hitoshi Nishizawa, Akihito Otsuka, Shiro Fukuda, Yoshimitsu Tanaka, Hirofumi Nagao, Yasuna Sakai, Masahide Suzuki, Shinji Yokota, Hidetoshi Tada, Mayumi Doi, Yuya Fujishima, Shunbun Kita, Tohru Funahashi, Norikazu Maeda, Tadashi Nakamura…

Progression of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes

To examine whether the progression rate of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) stage is an independent predictive factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes.

Authors: Jae-Seung Yun, Yong-Moon Park, Seon-Ah Cha, Yu-Bae Ahn and Seung-Hyun Ko

Regulation of diabetic cardiomyopathy by caloric restriction is mediated by intracellular signaling pathways involving ‘SIRT1 and PGC-1α’

Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are all linked to diabetic cardiomyopathy that lead to heart failure. Cardiomyopathy is initially characterized by car...

Authors: Maayan Waldman, Keren Cohen, Dor Yadin, Vadim Nudelman, Dan Gorfil, Michal Laniado-Schwartzman, Ran Kornwoski, Dan Aravot, Nader G. Abraham, Michael Arad and Edith Hochhauser

Plasma copeptin, kidney disease, and risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in two cohorts of type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular disease and kidney damage are tightly associated in people with type 2 diabetes. Experimental evidence supports a causal role for vasopressin (or antidiuretic hormone) in the development of diab...

Authors: Gilberto Velho, Stéphanie Ragot, Ray El Boustany, Pierre-Jean Saulnier, Mathilde Fraty, Kamel Mohammedi, Frédéric Fumeron, Louis Potier, Michel Marre, Samy Hadjadj and Ronan Roussel

Glycemic control by the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin decreases aortic stiffness, renal resistivity index and kidney injury

Arterial stiffness is emerging as an independent risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease. The sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which lower serum glucose by inhibiting SGLT2...

Authors: Annayya R. Aroor, Nitin A. Das, Andrea J. Carpenter, Javad Habibi, Guanghong Jia, Francisco I. Ramirez-Perez, Luis Martinez-Lemus, Camila M. Manrique-Acevedo, Melvin R. Hayden, Cornel Duta, Ravi Nistala, Eric Mayoux, Jaume Padilla, Bysani Chandrasekar and Vincent G. DeMarco

Dissimilar impact of type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular outcomes according to age categories: a nationwide population study from Hungary

The excess risks of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well known. In this nationwide study, we assessed risks of mortality and cardiovascular events ...

Authors: Zoltán Kiss, György Rokszin, Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth, György Jermendy, Péter Kempler, Dániel Aradi and István Wittmann

Canagliflozin attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis and inflammation process in APOE knockout mice

Sodium glucose co-transporter2 inhibitors reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the results of recent cardiovascular outcome studies. Herein, we inves...

Authors: Νarjes Nasiri-Ansari, Georgios K. Dimitriadis, Georgios Agrogiannis, Despoina Perrea, Ioannis D. Kostakis, Gregory Kaltsas, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Harpal S. Randeva and Eva Kassi

Glucose-sensing microRNA-21 disrupts ROS homeostasis and impairs antioxidant responses in cellular glucose variability

Antioxidant enzymes play a fundamental role in counteracting oxidative stress induced by high glucose. Although mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the principal defence against the toxicity of supero...

Authors: Lucia La Sala, Simona Mrakic-Sposta, Stefano Micheloni, Francesco Prattichizzo and Antonio Ceriello

Beneficial effects of cherry consumption as a dietary intervention for metabolic, hepatic and vascular complications in type 2 diabetic rats

Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis and its complications. New therapies target natural antioxidants as an alternative and/or supplemental strategy to prevent an...

Authors: Remmelt Van der Werf, Catherine Walter, William Bietiger, Elodie Seyfritz, Carole Mura, Claude Peronet, Julie Legrandois, Dalal Werner, Said Ennahar, Fabien Digel, Elisa Maillard-Pedracini, Michel Pinget, Nathalie Jeandidier, Eric Marchioni, Séverine Sigrist and Stéphanie Dal

β Cell-specific deletion of guanylyl cyclase A, the receptor for atrial natriuretic peptide, accelerates obesity-induced glucose intolerance in mice

The cardiac hormones atrial (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) moderate arterial blood pressure and improve energy metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity via their shared cGMP-producing guanylyl cy...

Authors: Sabine Tauscher, Hitoshi Nakagawa, Katharina Völker, Franziska Werner, Lisa Krebes, Tamara Potapenko, Sören Doose, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Hideo A. Baba and Michaela Kuhn

Risk of heart failure hospitalization among users of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors compared to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists

Incretin-based therapies including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are novel medications for type 2 diabetes management. Several studies have fou...

Authors: Ghadeer K. Dawwas, Steven M. Smith and Haesuk Park

Triglyceride-mediated influence of serum angiopoietin-like protein 8 on subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients: results from the GDMD study in China

Hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia are risk factors for atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) is a newly identified liver-derived hormone related to ...

Authors: Tianpeng Zheng, Bo Ge, Hongbo Liu, Bo Chen, Linyuan Qin, Liuping Xiao and Jianfei Song

Visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is inversely related to baroreflex sensitivity independently of HbA1c value in type 2 diabetes

The relationship between long-term glycemic variability (GV) represented by visit-to-visit HbA1c variability and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been clarified by previo...

Authors: Daisuke Matsutani, Masaya Sakamoto, Soichiro Minato, Yosuke Kayama, Norihiko Takeda, Ryuzo Horiuchi and Kazunori Utsunomiya

Potential mechanisms responsible for cardioprotective effects of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors

Diabetes mellitus currently affects over 350 million patients worldwide and is associated with many deaths from cardiovascular complications. Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a novel cla...

Authors: Sarayut Lahnwong, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn and Nipon Chattipakorn

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids favourably modulate cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs) may favourably modify cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Previous meta-an...

Authors: Lauren L. O’Mahoney, Jamie Matu, Oliver J. Price, Karen M. Birch, Ramzi A. Ajjan, Diane Farrar, Robyn Tapp, Daniel J. West, Kevin Deighton and Matthew D. Campbell

Dual inhibition of sodium–glucose linked cotransporters 1 and 2 exacerbates cardiac dysfunction following experimental myocardial infarction

Inhibiting both type 1 and 2 sodium–glucose linked cotransporter (SGLT1/2) offers the potential to not only increase glucosuria beyond that seen with selective SGLT2 inhibition alone but to reduce glucose abso...

Authors: Kim A. Connelly, Yanling Zhang, Jean-François Desjardins, Kerri Thai and Richard E. Gilbert

Interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase rs1799983, cholesteryl ester-transfer protein rs708272 and angiopoietin-like protein 8 rs2278426 gene variants highly elevates the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

The aim of the present study was to examine the association of angiopoietin-like proteins-8 (ANGPTL8) rs2278426, cholesteryl ester-transfer protein (CETP) rs708272 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) rs1...

Authors: Dalia El-Lebedy

Actions of metformin and statins on lipid and glucose metabolism and possible benefit of combination therapy

Patients with diabetes type 2 have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and commonly use combination therapy consisting of the anti-diabetic drug metformin and a cholesterol-lowering statin. However, b...

Authors: Mariël F. van Stee, Albert A. de Graaf and Albert K. Groen

Association between epicardial adipose tissue, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and myocardial dysfunction in middle-aged men with suspected metabolic syndrome

As body fat composition and metabolism differ between men and women, we evaluated sex-related differences in the association among epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), secretome profile, and myocardial function of...

Authors: Dong-Hyuk Cho, Hyung Joon Joo, Mi-Na Kim, Do-Sun Lim, Wan Joo Shim and Seong-Mi Park

Prognostic impact of HbA1c variability on long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus

The prognostic impact of long-term glycemic variability on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. We determined and compared hemoglobin A1c (...

Authors: Jun Gu, Jian-an Pan, Yu-qi Fan, Hui-li Zhang, Jun-feng Zhang and Chang-qian Wang

Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue: a favorable adipose depot for diabetes?

Previous studies have documented that visceral adipose tissue is positively associated with the risk of diabetes. However, the association of subcutaneous adipose tissue with diabetes risk is still in dispute....

Authors: Peizhu Chen, Xuhong Hou, Gang Hu, Li Wei, Lei Jiao, Hongmei Wang, Siyu Chen, Jingzhu Wu, Yuqian Bao and Weiping Jia

Associations between circulating full-length angiopoietin-like protein 8 levels and severity of coronary artery disease in Chinese non-diabetic patients: a case–control study

Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8), which is a novel hormone produced in liver and adipose tissue, is involved in regulating lipid metabolism. Patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) have r...

Authors: Xiaolu Jiao, Jiqiang He, Yunyun Yang, Song Yang, Juan Li and Yanwen Qin

Association between sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and a reduced risk of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a real-world nationwide population-based cohort study

Recently, two large randomized controlled trials which only included patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) or patients at high risk for CVD showed that two sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhib...

Authors: Young-Gun Kim, Seung Jin Han, Dae Jung Kim, Kwan-Woo Lee and Hae Jin Kim

Non-culprit plaque characteristics in acute coronary syndrome patients with raised hemoglobinA1c: an intravascular optical coherence tomography study

Raised hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) is an indicator of pre-diabetes, which is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease. However, the detailed morphological characteristics of non-culprit plaques in a...

Authors: Shaotao Zhang, Jiannan Dai, Haibo Jia, Sining Hu, Hongwei Du, Ning Li, Yongpeng Zou, Yanan Zou, Shenhong Jing, Yan Wang, Rong Sun and Bo Yu

Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II restores contraction and relaxation in isolated cardiac muscle from type 2 diabetic rats

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II-delta (CaMKIIδ) activity is enhanced during hyperglycemia and has been shown to alter intracellular calcium handling in cardiomyocytes, ultimately leading to reduced card...

Authors: Lorna J. Daniels, Rachel S. Wallace, Olivia M. Nicholson, Genevieve A. Wilson, Fiona J. McDonald, Peter P. Jones, J. Chris Baldi, Regis R. Lamberts and Jeffrey R. Erickson

Clinical application of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cardiovascular disease: lessons from recent clinical cardiovascular outcomes trials

Recent clinical trials investigating cardiovascular (CV) safety of newer antidiabetic agents have been rapidly and largely changing the landscape of diabetes care and providing highly important clinical inform...

Authors: Atsushi Tanaka and Koichi Node