Fuster V, Badimon L, Badimon JJ, Chesebro JH. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:242–50.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee RT, Grodzinsky AJ, Frank EH, Kamm RD, Schoen FJ. Structure-dependent dynamic mechanical behavior of fibrous caps from human atherosclerotic plaques. Circulation. 1991;83:1764–70.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Davies MJ, Richardson PD, Woolf N, Katz DR, Mann J. Risk of thrombosis in human atherosclerotic plaques: role of extracellular lipid, macrophage, and smooth muscle cell content. Br Heart J. 1993;69:377–81.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Falk E. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:C7–12.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Creager MA, Lüscher TF, Cosentino F, Beckman JA. Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and medical therapy: part I. Circulation. 2003;108:1527–32.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fadini GP, Avogaro A. Cardiovascular effects of DPP-4 inhibition: beyond GLP-1. Vascul Pharmacol. 2011;55:10–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Song X, Jia H, Jiang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Mu Y, Liu Y. Anti-atherosclerotic effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based therapies in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2015;26(5):10202.
Article
Google Scholar
Terasaki M, Nagashima M, Nohtomi K, Kohashi K, Tomoyasu M, Sinmura K, Nogi Y, Katayama Y, Sato K, Itoh F, Watanabe T, Hirano T. Preventive effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor on atherosclerosis is mainly attributable to incretin’s actions in nondiabetic and diabetic apolipoprotein E-null mice. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e70933.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Terasaki Y, Nomiyama T, Kawanami T, Hamaguchi Y, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Murase K, Nagaishi R, Tanabe M, Yanase T. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin attenuates neointima formation after vascular injury. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2014;13:154.
Article
Google Scholar
Nader MA. Sitagliptin ameliorates lipid profile changes and endothelium dysfunction induced by atherogenic diet in rabbits. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2014;387:433–44.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hirano T, Mori Y. Anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in experimental animals. J Diabetes Investig. 2016;7:80–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Matsubara J, Sugiyama S, Sugamura K, Nakamura T, Fujiwara Y, Akiyama E, Kurokawa H, Nozaki T, Ohba K, Konishi M, Maeda H, Izumiya Y, Kaikita K, Sumida H, Jinnouchi H, Matsui K, Kim-Mitsuyama S, Takeya M, Ogawa H. A dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, des-fluoro-sitagliptin, improves endothelial function and reduces atherosclerotic lesion formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59:265–76.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vittone F, Liberman A, Vasic D, Ostertag R, Esser M, Walcher D, Ludwig A, Marx N, Burgmaier M. Sitagliptin reduces plaque macrophage content and stabilises arteriosclerotic lesions in Apoe (-/-) mice. Diabetologia. 2012;55:2267–75.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Satoh-Asahara N, Sasaki Y, Wada H, Tochiya M, Iguchi A, Nakagawachi R, Odori S, Kono S, Hasegawa K, Shimatsu A. A dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, exerts anti-inflammatory effects in type 2 diabetic patients. Metabolism. 2013;62:347–51.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tremblay AJ, Lamarche B, Deacon CF, Weisnagel SJ, Couture P. Effects of sitagliptin therapy on markers of low-grade inflammation and cell adhesion molecules in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2014;63:1141–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
O’Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr, Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:14–22.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lorenz MW, Markus HS, Bots ML, Rosvall M, Sitzer M. Prediction of clinical cardiovascular events with carotid intima-media thickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2007;115:459–67.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Li MF, Zhao CC, Li TT, Tu YF, Lu JX, Zhang R, Chen MY, Bao YQ, Li LX, Jia WP. The coexistence of carotid and lower extremity atherosclerosis further increases cardio-cerebrovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;5(15):43.
Article
Google Scholar
Rassi CH, Churchill TW, Tavares CA, Fahel MG, Rassi FP, Uchida AH, Wajchenberg BL, Lerario AC, Hulten E, Nasir K, Bittencourt MS, Rochitte CE, Blankstein R. Use of imaging and clinical data to screen for cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic diabetics. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;9(15):28.
Article
Google Scholar
Barbieri M, Rizzo MR, Marfella R, Boccardi V, Esposito A, Pansini A, Paolisso G. Decreased carotid atherosclerotic process by control of daily acute glucose fluctuations in diabetic patients treated by DPP-IV inhibitors. Atherosclerosis. 2013;227:349–54.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mita T, Katakami N, Yoshii H, Onuma T, Kaneto H, Osonoi T, Shiraiwa T, Kosugi K, Umayahara Y, Yamamoto T, Yokoyama H, Kuribayashi N, Jinnouchi H, Gosho M, Shimomura I, Watada H, Collaborators on the Study of Preventive Effects of Alogliptin on Diabetic Atherosclerosis (SPEAD-A) Trial. Alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, prevents the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: the study of preventive effects of alogliptin on diabetic atherosclerosis (SPEAD-A). Diabetes Care. 2016;39:139–48.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mita M, Katakami N, Shiraiwa T, Yoshii H, Onuma T, Kuribayashi N, Osonoi T, Kaneto H, Kosugi K, Umayahara U, Yamamoto T, Matsumoto K, Yokoyama H, Tsugawa M, Gosho M, Shimomura I, Watada H, Collaborators on Sitagliptin Preventive study of Intima media thickness Evaluation (SPIKE) Trial. Sitagliptin attenuates the progression of carotid intima-media thickening in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the sitagliptin preventive study of intima-media thickness evaluation (SPIKE): a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:455–64.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grønholdt ML, Wiebe BM, Laursen H, Nielsen TG, Schroeder TV, Sillesen H. Lipid-rich carotid artery plaques appear echolucent on ultrasound B-mode images and may be associated with intraplaque haemorrhage. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 1997;14:439–45.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nicolaides AN, Kakkos SK, Kyriacou E, Griffin M, Sabetai M, Thomas DJ, Tegos T, Geroulakos G, Labropoulos N, Doré CJ, Morris TP, Naylor R, Abbott AL, Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke (ACSRS) Study Group. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification. J Vasc Surg. 2010;52:1486–96.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Irie Y, Katakami N, Kaneto H, Takahara M, Nishio M, Kasami R, Sakamoto K, Umayahara Y, Sumitsuji S, Ueda Y, Kosugi K, Shimomura I. The utility of ultrasonic tissue characterization of carotid plaque in the prediction of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. Atherosclerosis. 2013;230:399–405.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grønholdt ML, Nordestgaard BG, Schroeder TV, Vorstrup S, Sillesen H. Ultrasonic echolucent carotid plaques predict future strokes. Circulation. 2001;104:68–73.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Terminology and Diagnostic Criteria Committee. Japan society of ultrasonics in medicine. Subcommittee for preparing guidelines for ultrasound diagnosis of carotid artery. Standard method for ultrasound evaluation of carotid artery lesions. Jpn J Med Ultrason. 2009;36:501–18.
Google Scholar
Yanase T, Nasu S, Mukuta Y, Shimizu Y, Nishihara T, Okabe T, Nomura M, Inoguchi T, Nawata H. Evaluation of a new carotid intima-media thickness measurement by B-mode ultrasonography using an innovative measurement software, intimascope. Am J Hypertens. 2006;19:1206–12.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sabetai MM, Tegos TJ, Nicolaides AN, Dhanjil S, Pare GJ, Stevens JM. Reproducibility of computer-quantified carotid plaque echogenicity: can we overcome the subjectivity? Stroke. 2000;31:2189–96.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ishikawa S, Shimano M, Watarai M, Koyasu M, Uchikawa T, Ishii H, Inden Y, Takemoto K, Murohara T. Impact of sitagliptin on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired glucose tolerance or mild diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2014;114:384–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rizzo M, Rizvi AA, Patti AM, Nikolic D, Giglio RV, Castellino G, Li Volti G, Caprio M, Montalto G, Provenzano V, Genovese S, Ceriello A. Liraglutide improves metabolic parameters and carotid intima-media thickness in diabetic patients with the metabolic syndrome: an 18-month prospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15(1):162.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Oyama J, Murohara T, Kitakaze M, Ishizu T, Sato Y, Kitagawa K, Kamiya H, Ajioka M, Ishihara M, Dai K, Nanasato M, Sata M, Maemura K, Tomiyama H, Higashi Y, Kaku K, Yamada H, Matsuhisa M, Yamashita K, Bando YK, Kashihara N, Ueda S, Inoue T, Tanaka A, Node K, PROLOGUE Study Investigators. The Effect of sitagliptin on carotid artery atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes: the PROLOGUE randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2016;13(6):e1002051.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Balestrieri ML, Rizzo MR, Barbieri M, Paolisso P, D’Onofrio N, Giovane A, Siniscalchi M, Minicucci F, Sardu C, D’Andrea D, Mauro C, Ferraraccio F, Servillo L, Chirico F, Caiazzo P, Paolisso G, Marfella R. Sirtuin 6 expression and inflammatory activity in diabetic atherosclerotic plaques: effects of incretin treatment. Diabetes. 2015;64:1395–406.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Libby P, Aikawa M. Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques: new mechanisms and clinical targets. Nat Med. 2002;8:1257–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Irie Y, Katakami N, Kaneto H, Takahara M, Sakamoto K, Kosugi K, Shimomura I. The risk factors associated with ultrasonic tissue characterization of carotid plaque in type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Complications. 2014;28:523–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sawada T, Shite J, Shinke T, Otake H, Tanino Y, Ogasawara D, Kawamori H, Kato H, Miyoshi N, Yoshino N, Kozuki A, Hirata K. Low plasma adiponectin levels are associated with presence of thin-cap fibroatheroma in men with stable coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol. 2010;142:250–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barbieri M, Marfella R, Esposito A, Rizzo MR, Angellotti E, Mauro C, Siniscalchi M, Chirico F, Caiazzo P, Furbatto F, Bellis A, D’Onofrio N, Vitiello M, Ferraraccio F, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML. Incretin treatment and atherosclerotic plaque stability: role of adiponectin/APPL1 signaling pathway. J Diabetes Complications. 2017;31:295–303.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zheng TP, Yang F, Gao Y, Baskota A, Chen T, Tian HM, Ran XW. Increased plasma DPP4 activities predict new-onset atherosclerosis in association with its proinflammatory effects in Chinese over a 4 year period: a prospective study. Atherosclerosis. 2014;235:619–24.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ikushima H, Munakata Y, Iwata S, Ohnuma K, Kobayashi S, Dang NH, Morimoto C. Soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV enhances transendothelial migration via its interaction with mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Cell Immunol. 2002;215:106–10.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhong J, Rao X, Rajagopalan S. An emerging role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) beyond glucose control: potential implications in cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis. 2013;226:305–14.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar