Eckel RH, Krauss RM: American heart association call to action: Obesity as a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Circulation. 1998, 97: 2099-2100. 10.1161/01.CIR.97.21.2099.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Evans PD, McIntyre NJ, Fluck RJ, McIntyre CW, Taal MW: Anthropomorphic measurements that include central fat distribution are more closely related with key risk factors than bmi in ckd stage 3. PLoS ONE. 2012, 7: e34699-10.1371/journal.pone.0034699.
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nissen SE, Nicholls SJ, Wolski K, Rodés-Cabau J, Cannon CP, Deanfield JE, Després JP, Kastelein JJ, Steinhubl SR, Kapadia S, Yasin M, Ruzyllo W, Gaudin C, Job B, Hu B, Bhatt DL, Lincoff AM, Tuzcu EM: Effect of rimonabant on progression of atherosclerosis in patients with abdominal obesity and coronary artery disease: The stradivarius randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2008, 299: 1547-1560. 10.1001/jama.299.13.1547.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Goodpaster BH, Krishnaswami S, Resnick H, Kelley DE, Haggerty C, Harris TB, Schwartz AV, Kritchevsky S, Newman AB: Association between regional adipose tissue distribution and both type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in elderly men and women. Diabetes Care. 2003, 26: 372-379. 10.2337/diacare.26.2.372.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tulloch-Reid MK, Hanson RL, Sebring NG, Reynolds JC, Premkumar A, Genovese DJ, Sumner AE: Both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue correlate highly with insulin resistance in african americans. Obes Res. 2004, 12: 1352-1359. 10.1038/oby.2004.170.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wagenknecht LE, Langefeld CD, Scherzinger AL, Norris JM, Haffner SM, Saad MF, Bergman RN: Insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and abdominal fat: The insulin resistance atherosclerosis study (iras) family study. Diabetes. 2003, 52: 2490-2496. 10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2490.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Boyko EJ, Fujimoto WY, Leonetti DL, Newell-Morris L: Visceral adiposity and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective study among japanese americans. Diabetes Care. 2000, 23: 465-471. 10.2337/diacare.23.4.465.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kanaya AM, Harris T, Goodpaster BH, Tylavsky F, Cummings SR: Adipocytokines attenuate the association between visceral adiposity and diabetes in older adults. Diabetes Care. 2004, 27: 1375-1380. 10.2337/diacare.27.6.1375.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lemieux I, Pascot A, Couillard C, Lamarche B, Tchernof A, Alméras N, Bergeron J, Gaudet D, Tremblay G, Prud’homme D, Nadeau A, Després JP: Hypertriglyceridemic waist: A marker of the atherogenic metabolic triad (hyperinsulinemia; hyperapolipoprotein b; small, dense ldl) in men?. Circulation. 2000, 102: 179-184. 10.1161/01.CIR.102.2.179.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dahlén EM, Bjarnegård N, Länne T, Nystrom FH, Ostgren CJ: Sagittal abdominal diameter is a more independent measure compared with waist circumference to predict arterial stiffness in subjects with type 2 diabetes - a prospective observational cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013, 12: 55-10.1186/1475-2840-12-55.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ashwell M, Hsieh SD: Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2005, 56: 303-307. 10.1080/09637480500195066.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S: Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2012, 13: 275-286. 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00952.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mohammadreza B, Farzad H, Davoud K, Fereidoun Prof AF: Prognostic significance of the Complex “Visceral Adiposity Index” vs. simple anthropometric measures: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012, 11: 20-10.1186/1475-2840-11-20.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grobbee DE, Bots ML: Carotid artery intima-media thickness as an indicator of generalized atherosclerosis. J Intern Med. 1994, 236: 567-573. 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb00847.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dahlen EM, Lanne T, Engvall J, Lindström T, Grodzinsky E, Nystrom FH, Ostgren CJ: Carotid intima-media thickness and apolipoprotein b/apolipoprotein a-i ratio in middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2009, 26: 384-390. 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02693.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ashwell M, Gibson S: Waist to height ratio is a simple and effective obesity screening tool for cardiovascular risk factors: Analysis of data from the british national diet and nutrition survey of adults aged 19-64 years. Obes Facts. 2009, 2: 97-103. 10.1159/000203363.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gordon-Larsen P, Adair LS, Meigs JB, Mayer-Davis E, Herring A, Yan SK, Zhang B, Du S, Popkin BM: Discordant risk: Overweight and cardiometabolic risk in chinese adults gordon-larsen: Overweight and cardiometabolic risk in china. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013, 21: E166-E174. 10.1002/oby.20409.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Appropriate body-mass index for asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet. 2004, 363: 157-163. 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15268-3.
Zhang X, Shu XO, Gao YT, Yang G, Li H, Zheng W: Zhang X, Shu XO, Gao YT, Yang G, Li H, Zheng W: General and Abdominal Adiposity and Risk of Stroke in Chinese Women. Stroke. 2009, 40: 1098-1104. 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.539692.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Browning LM, Hsieh SD, Ashwell M: A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0 · 5 could be a suitable global boundary value. Nutr Res Rev. 2010, 23: 247-269. 10.1017/S0954422410000144.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gelber RP, Gaziano JM, Orav EJ, Manson JE, Buring JE, Kurth T: Measures of obesity and cardiovascular risk among men and women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008, 52: 605-615. 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.03.066.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bots ML, Baldassarre D, Simon A, de Groot E, O’Leary DH, Riley W, Kastelein JJ, Grobbee DE: Carotid intima-media thickness and coronary atherosclerosis: Weak or strong relations . Eur Heart J. 2007, 28: 398-406. 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl482.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Williams K, Sniderman AD, Sattar N, D’Agostino R, Wagenknecht LE, Haffner SM: Comparison of the associations of apolipoprotein b and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with other cardiovascular risk factors in the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study (iras). Circulation. 2003, 108: 2312-2316. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000097113.11419.9E.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kotsis VT, Stabouli SV, Papamichael CM, Zakopoulos NA: Impact of obesity in intima media thickness of carotid arteries. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006, 14: 1708-1715. 10.1038/oby.2006.196.
Article
Google Scholar
Bigazzi R, Bianchi S, Batini V, Guzzo D, Campese VM: Metabolic risk factors and markers of cardiovascular and renal damage in overweight subjects. Am J Hypertens. 2006, 19: 426-431. 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.10.002.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Karason K, Wikstrand J, Sjostrom L, Wendelhag I: Weight loss and progression of early atherosclerosis in the carotid artery: A four-year controlled study of obese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999, 23: 948-956. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801024.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Park JS, Cho MH, Ahn CW, Kim KR, Huh KB: The association of insulin resistance and carotid atherosclerosis with thigh and calf circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012, 11: 62-10.1186/1475-2840-11-62.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Recio-Rodriguez JI, Gomez-Marcos MA, Patino-Alonso MC, Agudo-Conde C, Rodriguez-Sanchez E, Garcia-Ortiz L: Abdominal obesity vs general obesity for identifying arterial stiffness, subclinical atherosclerosis and wave reflection in healthy, diabetics and hypertensive. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2012, 12: 3-10.1186/1471-2261-12-3.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee MJ, Shin DH, Kim SJ, Oh HJ, Yoo DE, Kim JK, Park JT, Han SH, Kang SW, Choi KH, Yoo TH: Visceral fat thickness is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012, 20: 1301-1307. 10.1038/oby.2011.245.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Hulsmans M, De Keyzer D, Holvoet P: Micrornas regulating oxidative stress and inflammation in relation to obesity and atherosclerosis. FASEB J. 2011, 25: 2515-2527. 10.1096/fj.11-181149.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reyes M, Gahagan S, Diaz E, Blanco E, Leiva L, Lera L, Burrows R: Relationship of adiposity and insulin resistance mediated by inflammation in a group of overweight and obese chilean adolescents. Nutr J. 2011, 10: 4-10.1186/1475-2891-10-4.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mathieu P, Lemieux I, Despres JP: Obesity, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010, 87: 407-416. 10.1038/clpt.2009.311.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Filkova M, Haluzik M, Gay S, Senolt L: The role of resistin as a regulator of inflammation: Implications for various human pathologies. Clin Immunol. 2009, 133: 157-170. 10.1016/j.clim.2009.07.013.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Beltowski J: Leptin and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2006, 189: 47-60. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.03.003.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Oliveira MA, Fagundes RL, Moreira EA, Trindade EB, Carvalho TD: Relation between anthropometric indicators and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010, 94: 478-485. 10.1590/S0066-782X2010005000012.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Costa GB, Horta N, Resende ZF, Souza G, Barreto LM, Correia LH, Nascimento TA, Rios CB, Barreto-Filho JA, Lopes HF: Body mass index has a good correlation with proatherosclerotic profile in children and adolescents. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009, 93: 261-267. 10.1590/S0066-782X2009000900010.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Indulekha K, Anjana RM, Surendar J, Mohan V: Association of visceral and subcutaneous fat with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, adipocytokines and inflammatory markers in asian indians (cures-113). Clin Biochem. 2011, 44: 281-287. 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.12.015.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nakanishi-Minami T, Kishida K, Nakagawa Y, Nakatsuji H, Kuroda Y, Okauchi Y, Yamasaki K, Nojima Y, Tsujii K, Kumada M, Tachibana K, Nakamura T, Sumitsuji S, Funahashi T, Shimomura I: Carotid intima-media thickness, but not visceral fat area or adiponectin, correlates with intracoronary stenosis detected by multislice computed tomography in people with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012, 95 (1): e23-6. 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.022.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lupattelli G, De Vuono S, Boni M, Helou R, Raffaele Mannarino M, Rita Roscini A, Alaeddin A, Pirro M, Vaudo G: Insulin resistance and not BMI is the major determinant of early vascular impairment in patients with morbid obesity. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2013, 20 (12): 924-933. 10.5551/jat.18663.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lear SA, Sarna LK, Siow TJ, Mancini GB, Siow YL: Oxidative stress is associated with visceral adipose tissue and subclinical atherosclerosis in a healthy multi-ethnic population. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012, 37 (6): 1164-1170. 10.1139/h2012-107.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar