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Table 2 Association between blood pressure and ISSI2 in participants with HbA1c < 10% or ≥ 10%

From: Higher systolic blood pressure is specifically associated with better islet beta-cell function in T2DM patients with high glycemic level

Factor

Participants with HbA1c < 10%

Participants with HbA1c ≥ 10%

N

ISSI2

b (95%CI)

N

ISSI2

b (95%CI)

SBP model

 Continuous variable

  SBP, per 10 mmHg

308

141.3 (89.2–198.7)

− 0.013 (− 0.047 to 0.021)

271

97.6 (66.5–138.9)

0.023 (− 0.011 to 0.056)

 Categorical variable

  90 ≤ SBP < 120, mmHg

73

150.4 (95.3–206.9)

Ref.

87

90.7 (67.6–127.9)

Ref.

  120 ≤ SBP < 130, mmHg

62

143.5 (85.5–196.2)

− 0.007 (− 0.179 to 0.165)

64

110.6 (75.1–150.9)

0.142 (0.001–0.283)

  130 ≤ SBP < 140, mmHg

71

145.5 (108.0–213.1)

0.033 (− 0.134 to 0.200)

54

95.9 (63.6–135.2)

0.121 (− 0.029 to 0.271)

  140 ≤ SBP < 150, mmHg

50

140.5 (86.3–185.8)

− 0.125 (− 0.314 to 0.063)

35

108.6 (65.3–188.2)

0.227 (0.053–0.402)

  150 ≤ SBP, mmHg

52

109.3 (86.2–179.1)

− 0.030 (− 0.215 to 0.154)

31

91.8 (60.2–132.8)

0.116 (− 0.082 to 0.314)

DBP model

 Continuous variable

  DBP, per 10 mmHg

308

141.3 (89.2–198.7)

− 0.018 (− 0.073 to 0.037)

271

97.6 (66.5–138.9)

0.058 (0.007–0.110)

Categorical variable

  60 ≤ DBP < 80, mmHg

145

140.9 (85.5–197.7)

Ref.

134

90.9 (66.0–128.7)

Ref.

  80 ≤ DBP < 90, mmHg

90

135.0 (92.7–195.7)

− 0.024 (− 0.156 to 0.108)

88

97.3 (63.1–142.7)

0.084 (− 0.034 to 0.203)

  90 ≤ DBP, mmHg

73

147.3 (100.8–207.8)

− 0.020 (− 0.165 to 0.125)

49

114.8 (81.2–146.2)

0.088 (− 0.060 to 0.235)

  1. Data of ISSI2 were median (25th–75th). b(95%CI) was from linear regression analysis. ISSI2 was analyzed in models with the form of log transformation. All models adjusted age, sex, duration of diabetes, BMI, log TG, LDL-C, log Matsuda index, insulin treatment, oral hypoglycemic agent treatment, ACE inhibitor/ARB treatment, and other antihypertensive agent treatment. ISSI2, insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; BMI, body mass index; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker