Risk of heart failure in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and diabetes taking different oral anticoagulants: a nationwide cohort study

Table 4 Risk of heart failure in older patients with atrial fibrillation and diabetes receiving NOAC versus warfarin, stratified for age, sex, and hospital levels

	Fine stratification weights estimating ATE^*		Fine stratification weights estimating ATT^**
	HR^† (95% CI)	p-value	HR^† (95% CI)	p-value
Age
65–74 years	0.79 (0.68–0.92)	0.003	0.75 (0.62–0.90)	0.002
≥ 75 years	0.80 (0.71–0.90)	< 0.001	0.77 (0.67–0.89)	< 0.001
Sex
Male	0.71 (0.63–0.81)	< 0.001	0.67 (0.57–0.78)	< 0.001
Female	0.86 (0.78–0.96)	0.009	0.85 (0.75–0.96)	0.007
Hospital level
Medical center	0.83 (0.73–0.94)	0.003	0.81 (0.70–0.93)	0.003
Regional hospital	0.84 (0.75–0.94)	0.002	0.81 (0.71–0.93)	0.002
District hospital or clinic	0.78 (0.65–0.94)	0.009	0.76 (0.61–0.94)	0.011

ATE average treatment effect in the whole population, ATT average treatment effect among the treated population, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, NOAC non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant, ref. reference
^*Propensity score-based fine stratification weighting which estimated the average treatment effect in the whole population
^**Propensity score-based fine stratification weighting which estimated the average treatment effect among the treated population
^†The HR is calculated using patients taking warfarin as the reference group

ISSN: 1475-2840