Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics and biochemical assessments of plaque progression study

Men/Female (n)

97/40

208/85

0.864

Age (years)

64.13 ± 7.80

65.51 ± 10.13

0.299

Cigarette smoking (%)

61(44.5%)

139(47.4%)

0.604

Hypertension (%)

65 (47.4%)

130 (44.4%)

0.512

Hyperlipidemia (%)

36 (26.3%)

65 (22.1%)

0.466

Diabetes (%)

69 (43.0%)

81 (28.0%)

0.033

BMI (kg/m²)

24.63 ± 3.46

24.05 ± 3.24

0.189

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

5.49 ± 1.88

5.99 ± 2.00

0.255

2 h plasma glucose (mmol/L)

13.40 ± 4.20

11.29 ± 3.66

0.039

HbA_1c (%)

6.79 ± 1.48

6.64 ± 1.43

0.315

hsCRP (mg/ml)

19.35 ± 13.63

11.87 ± 9.22

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.77 ± 1.04

4.84 ± 1.16

0.631

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.93 ± 1.53

2.02 ± 1.32

0.319

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.80 ± 0.79

2.84 ± 0.85

0.672

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.09 ± 0.31

1.27 ± 0.27

0.015

apoA (g/L)

1.22 ± 0.20

1.27 ± 0.22

0.156

apoB (g/L)

0.97 ± 0.22

0.95 ± 0.23

0.674

Lipoprotein (a) (g/L)

0.25 ± 0.18

0.23 ± 0.16

0.422

BUN (mmol/L)

5.49 ± 1.89

5.88 ± 1.65

0.078

creatinine (mg/L)

91.51 ± 23.16

89.78 ± 20.08

0.534

Statin (%)

126 (92.1%)

262 (89.5%)

0.475

ACEI or ARB (%)

114 (83.3%)

231 (79.0%)

0.285

β-blocker (%)

59 (43.1%)

121 (50.9%)

0.448

Antiplatelet (%)

123 (90.1%)

215 (90.3%)

0.656

Insulin (%)

36 (26.2%)

30 (12.7%)

0.069

Oral anti-diabetic drugs (%)

49 (35.7%)

111 (46.5%)

0.144