Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

Age (years)

63.0 ± 9.5

62.2 ± 10.0

61.7 ± 10.5

61.8 ± 10.5

62.5 ± 9.8

0.337

Male

80 (70.8)

871 (75.5)

1324 (76.5)

394 (75.9)

204 (71.6)

0.313

BMI (kg/m²)

26.5 ± 2.5

26.0 ± 2.8

26.0 ± 2.5

26.0 ± 2.6

26.0 ± 2.6

0.504

Previous myocardial infarction

28 (24.8)

304 (26.3)

403 (23.3)

115 (22.2)

49 (17.2)

0.017

Previous stroke

10 (8.8)

127 (11.0)

177 (10.2)

71 (13.7)

47 (16.5)

0.010

Diabetes

113 (100.0)

630 (54.6)

792 (45.8)

269 (51.8)

145 (50.9)

< 0.001

Hypertension

75 (66.4)

800 (69.3)

1168 (67.5)

339 (65.3)

206 (72.3)

0.252

COPD

0 (0.0)

16 (1.4)

18 (1.0)

6 (1.2)

2 (0.7)

0.627

PAD

8 (7.1)

110 (9.5)

164 (9.5)

30 (5.8)

9 (3.2)

0.001

CKD

13 (11.5)

34 (2.9)

55 (3.2)

24 (4.6)

22 (7.7)

< 0.001

Current/former smoker

41 (36.3)

604 (52.3)

873 (50.5)

255 (49.1)

144 (50.5)

0.026

LVEF (%)

54.0 ± 9.8

56.9 ± 9.3

56.5 ± 9.2

55.9 ± 9.0

54.0 ± 10.2

< 0.001

Left main involvement

24 (21.2)

231 (20.0)

345 (19.9)

82 (15.8)

53 (18.6)

0.260

Admission blood glucose (mmol/L)

4.9 [4.1–5.7]

5.2 [4.7–6.2]

5.9 [5.3–7.4]

8.1 [6.3–10.6]

11.3 [8.3–15.3]

< 0.001

HbA_1c (%)

9.0 [7.6–10.7]

6.4 [5.9–7.6]

6.0 [5.6-7.0]

6.2 [5.3–7.6]

6.2 [5.3–7.8]

< 0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.3 [1.1–1.9]

1.6 [1.2–2.1]

1.6 [1.2–2.2]

1.6 [1.2–2.2]

1.5 [1.1–2.2]

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.3 [3.7–5.2]

4.6 [3.8–5.3]

4.6 [3.9–5.4]

4.6 [4.0-5.4]

4.6 [3.9–5.5]

0.022

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.4 [1.9–3.1]

2.5 [2.0-3.1]

2.6 [2.1–3.2]

2.6 [2.1–3.3]

2.5 [2.1–3.2]

0.020

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.0 [0.9–1.3]

1.0 [0.9–1.2]

1.0 [0.9–1.2]

1.0 [0.9–1.2]

1.0 [0.9–1.2]

0.540

Treatment strategy

 PCI

68 (60.2)

597 (51.7)

947 (54.7)

314 (60.5)

173 (60.7)

0.006

 CABG

20 (17.7)

274 (23.7)

394 (22.8)

87 (16.8)

48 (16.8)

 MT

25 (22.1)

283 (24.5)

389 (22.5)

118 (22.7)

64 (22.5)