Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the full cohort and PSM cohort
Variables | Full cohort | PSM cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGLT2i Group(n = 322) | SGLT2i-free Group(n = 603) | P value | SGLT2i Group(n = 226) | SGLT2i-free Group(n = 226) | P value | |
Age (years) | 63.5 ± 9.8 | 61.7 ± 12.6 | 0.03 | 62.9 ± 10.8 | 62.1 ± 11.7 | 0.45 |
Male, n (%) | 212 (65.8) | 350 (58) | 0.02 | 143 (63.3) | 129 (57.1) | 0.18 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 109 (33.9) | 210 (34.8) | 0.77 | 86 (38.1) | 76 (33.6) | 0.33 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.9 ± 7.8 | 27.3 ± 6.3 | <0.001 | 28.9 ± 7.5 | 27.8 ± 7.3 | 0.11 |
Diabetes Duration (years) | 8.65 ± 2.56 | 8.31 ± 2.78 | 0.07 | 8.59 ± 2.81 | 8.21 ± 2.75 | 0.15 |
Other comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
Hypertension | 218 (67.7) | 432 (71.6) | 0.21 | 165 (73) | 150 (66.4) | 0.12 |
Hyperlipidemia | 162 (50.3) | 290 (48.1) | 0.52 | 114 (50.4) | 110 (48.7) | 0.71 |
Chronic heart failure | 127 (39.4) | 266 (44.1) | 0.17 | 86 (38.1) | 97 (42.9) | 0.29 |
Valvular heart disease | 8 (2.5) | 13 (2.2) | 0.75 | 6 (2.7) | 5 (2.2) | 0.76 |
Laboratory variables | ||||||
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 131.7 ± 39.6 | 135.6 ± 38.9 | 0.15 | 132.1 ± 40.7 | 134.9 ± 39.1 | 0.46 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.65 ± 2.85 | 7.39 ± 3.73 | 0.28 | 7.5 ± 3.12 | 7.3 ± 3.81 | 0.41 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.67 ± 0.63 | 2.57 ± 0.56 | 0.01 | 2.71 ± 0.65 | 2.61 ± 0.66 | 0.11 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 8.8 ± 2.25 | 8.6 ± 2.73 | 0.29 | 8.82 ± 2.12 | 8.59 ± 2.63 | 0.31 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.22 ± 1.15 | 4.09 ± 1.21 | 0.11 | 4.32 ± 1.31 | 4.15 ± 1.22 | 0.15 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.59 ± 1.32 | 2.73 ± 1.21 | 0.10 | 2.65 ± 1.32 | 2.73 ± 1.11 | 0.49 |
Peak cTnI (ug/L) | 39.6 (16.7, 59.8) | 33.6 (15.8, 56.9) | 0.13 | 36.9 (18.5, 53.9) | 35.9 (20.9, 51.8) | 0.16 |
BNP (ug/L) | 89.8 ± 37.9 | 83.9 ± 40.8 | 0.03 | 88.7 ± 38.1 | 85.6 ± 39.9 | 0.40 |
SCr (umol/L) | 105.5 ± 26.9 | 108.6 ± 22.7 | 0.06 | 106.7 ± 25.8 | 108.5 ± 23.5 | 0.44 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 69.8 ± 22.8 | 67.3 ± 23.4 | 0.12 | 69.5 ± 22.7 | 67.1 ± 23.3 | 0.27 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 51.2 ± 13.3 | 52.7 ± 13.9 | 0.11 | 51.6 ± 12.6 | 52.1 ± 13.8 | 0.69 |
ACS Type, n (%) | 0.16 | 0.72 | ||||
STEMI | 139 (43.2) | 291 (48.3) | 104 (46.0) | 110 (48.7) | ||
NSTEMI | 108 (33.5) | 201 (33.3) | 68 (30.1) | 69 (30.5) | ||
UA | 75 (23.3) | 111 (18.4) | 54 (23.9) | 47 (20.8) | ||
Medications | ||||||
Metformin | 215 (66.8) | 432 (71.6) | 0.12 | 163 (72.1) | 175 (77.4) | 0.19 |
Insulin | 172 (53.4) | 359 (59.5) | 0.07 | 119 (52.7) | 123 (54.4) | 0.71 |
ACEI/ARB | 182 (56.5) | 376 (62.4) | 0.08 | 121 (53.5) | 129 (57.1) | 0.45 |
Calcium channel blockers | 106 (32.9) | 229 (38) | 0.13 | 75 (33.2) | 80 (35.4) | 0.62 |
β-Blockers | 182 (56.5) | 390 (64.7) | 0.02 | 123 (54.4) | 132 (58.4) | 0.39 |
Statins | 315 (97.8) | 588 (97.5) | 0.77 | 215 (95.1) | 219 (96.9) | 0.34 |
GLP-1RAs | 40 (12.4) | 118 (19.6) | 0.01 | 25 (11.1) | 39 (17.3) | 0.06 |
Aspirin | 322 (100) | 603 (100) | / | 226 (100) | 226 (100) | / |
P2Y12 inhibitors | 0.12 | 0.45 | ||||
Ticagrelor | 178 (55.3) | 301 (49.9) | 115 (50.9) | 123 (54.4) | ||
Clopidogrel | 144 (44.7) | 302 (50.1) | 111 (49.1) | 103 (45.6) | ||
Procedure characteristics | ||||||
PCI, n (%) | 258 (80.1) | 492 (81.6) | 0.59 | 186 (82.3) | 181 (80.1) | 0.55 |
Extent of CAD, n (%) | 0.13 | 0.12 | ||||
Any left main disease | 9 (2.8) | 12 (2.0) | 6 (2.7) | 8 (3.5) | ||
1-vessel disease | 48 (14.9) | 98 (16.3) | 18 (8.0) | 29 (12.8) | ||
2-vessel disease | 130 (40.4) | 201 (33.3) | 81 (35.8) | 91 (40.3) | ||
≥3-vessel disease | 135 (41.9) | 292 (48.4) | 121 (53.5) | 98 (43.4) | ||