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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical data of four groups

From: The prognostic value of the stress hyperglycemia ratio for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: insights from NHANES 2005–2018

 

Q1 (≤ 0.85)

Q2 (0.85–0.93)

Q3 (0.93–1.02)

Q4 (≥1.02)

Total

P

SHR, mean (SD)

0.78 (0.08)

0.91 (0.02)

0.99 (0.02)

1.15 (0.16)

0.94 (0.16)

< 0.001

Age, years, mean (SD)

57.4 (15.6)

55.5 (16.1)

52.8 (16.9)

53.5 (17.4)

55.0 (16.5)

< 0.001

Female, n (%)

1872 (55.2)

1320 (48.4)

1060 (43.3)

980 (37.8)

5232 (46.9)

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m2, n (%)

     

0.024

 underweight (< 18.5)

32 (0.9)

24 (0.9)

28 (1.1)

25 (1.0)

109 (1.0)

 

 normal (18.5–25)

756 (22.3)

514 (18.9)

505 (20.6)

527 (20.3)

2304 (20.6)

 

 overweight (25–30)

1081 (31.9)

926 (34.0)

864 (35.3)

890 (34.3)

3761 (33.7)

 

 obese (≥ 30)

1522 (44.9)

1262 (46.3)

1050 (42.9)

1152 (44.4)

4986 (44.7)

 

Race, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Mexican American

370 (10.9)

322 (12.2)

330 (13.5)

342 (13.2)

1374 (12.3)

 

 Other Hispanic

379 (1.2)

312 (11.4)

273 (11.2)

291 (11.2)

1255 (11.2)

 

 Non-Hispanic White

1073 (31.6)

1110 (40.7)

1082 (44.2)

1143 (44.1)

4408 (39.5)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

1069 (31.5)

528 (19.4)

402 (16.4)

482 (18.6)

2481 (22.2)

 

 Other races

502 (14.8)

444 (16.3)

360 (14.7)

336 (13.0)

1641 (14.7)

 

Alcohol use, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Nondrinker

1248 (36.8)

859 (31.5)

657 (48.3)

693 (26.7)

3457 (31.0)

 

 1–5 drinks/month

1622 (47.8)

1339 (49.1)

1187 (48.5)

1220 (47.0)

5368 (49.1)

 

 5–10 drinks/month

191 (5.6)

170 (6.2)

211 (8.6)

212 (8.2)

784 (7.0)

 

 ≥ 10 drinks/month

332 (9.8)

358 (13.1)

392 (16.0)

469 (18.1)

1551 (13.9)

 

Smoking status, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Never

1797 (53.0)

1453 (53.4)

1253 (51.2)

1267 (48.9)

5770 (51.7)

 

 Former

862 (25.4)

746 (27.4)

705 (28.8)

823 (31.8)

3136 (28.1)

 

 Current

734 (21.6)

522 (19.2)

487 (19.9)

502 (19.4)

2245 (20.1)

 

Hypertension, n (%)

2027 (59.7)

1445 (53.0)

1269 (51.9)

1495 (57.6)

6236 (55.9)

< 0.001

Coronary heart disease, n (%)

277 (8.2)

198 (7.3)

163 (6.7)

207 (8.0)

845 (7.6)

0.147

Congestive heart failure, n (%)

190 (5.6)

111 (4.1)

94 (3.8)

125 (4.8)

520 (4.7)

< 0.001

Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

165 (4.9)

100 (3.7)

93 (3.8)

136 (5.2)

494 (4.4)

0.009

Anemia, n (%)

197 (5.8)

72 (2.6)

53 (2.2)

98 (3.8)

419 (3.8)

< 0.001

TC, mmol/L, mean (SD)

5.0 (1.1)

5.2 (1.1)

5.0 (1.0)

5.0 (1.1)

5.0 (1.1)

< 0.001

LDL-C, mmol/L, mean (SD)

3.0 (1.0)

3.1 (1.0)

3.0 (0.9)

2.9 (0.9)

3.0 (1.0)

< 0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L, mean (SD)

1.4 (0.4)

1.3 (0.4)

1.3 (0.4)

1.3 (0.4)

1.3 (0.4)

< 0.001

TG, mmol/L, mean (SD)

1.4 (1.0)

1.5 (1.2)

1.6 (1.4)

1.8 (1.8)

1.6 (1.4)

< 0.001

HbA1c, %, mean (SD)

6.5 (1.2)

6.0 (0.9)

5.9 (1.1)

6.1 (1.7)

6.1 (1.3)

< 0.001

FPG, mmol/L, mean (SD)

5.8 (1.3)

6.3 (1.3)

6.6 (1.8)

8.3 (3.6)

6.8 (2.3)

< 0.001

HGB, mg/dl, mean (SD)

13.7 (1.6)

14.2 (1.5)

14.4 (1.5)

14.5 (1.6)

14.2 (1.6)

< 0.001

Diabetes, n (%)

1002 (29.5)

2197 (80.6)

1878 (76.7)

1357 (52.4)

7824 (70.1)

< 0.001

Prediabetes, n (%)

2391 (70.5)

529 (19.4)

569 (23.3)

1236 (47.6)

3336 (29.9)

< 0.001

  1. P values were calculated using either Student’s t-test or the chi-square test
  2. BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin type A1c, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, SD standard deviation.
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840