Table 1 Demographics according to temporal change of BMI
From: Association of temporal change in body mass index with sudden cardiac arrest in diabetes mellitus
Underweight (Pre / Post) | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No / No (n = 1,330,899) Sustained non-underweight | No / Yes (n = 10,270) Newly developed underweight | Yes / No (n = 6,415) Previous underweight | Yes / Yes (n = 8,162) Sustained underweight | ||
Age, years | 58.5 ± 11.7 | 63.0 ± 13.5 | 57.4 ± 15.4 | 58.5 ± 15.4 | < 0.001 |
Male sex | 825,865 (62.1%) | 5,759 (56.1%) | 3,827 (59.7%) | 5,225 (64.0%) | < 0.001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 17.7 ± 0.8 | 20.1 ± 1.9 | 17.2 ± 1.0 | < 0.001 |
Income, lowest quartile | 234,673 (17.6%) | 2,046 (19.9%) | 1,296 (20.2%) | 1,587 (19.4%) | < 0.001 |
Smoking | < 0.001 | ||||
Non-smoker | 742,871 (55.8%) | 5,932 (57.8%) | 3,513 (54.8%) | 4,084 (50.0%) | |
Ex-smoker | 274,040 (20.6%) | 1,407 (13.7%) | 1,053 (16.4%) | 1,096 (13.4%) | |
Current smoker | 313,988 (23.6%) | 2,931 (28.5%) | 1,849 (28.8%) | 2,982 (36.5%) | |
Drinking | < 0.001 | ||||
Non-drinker | 757,270 (56.9%) | 6,873 (66.9%) | 3,861 (60.2%) | 4,845 (59.4%) | |
Mild-drinker | 451,410 (33.9%) | 2,583 (25.2%) | 2,055 (32.0%) | 2,615 (32.0%) | |
Heavy-drinker | 122,219 (9.2%) | 814 (7.9%) | 499 (7.8%) | 702 (8.6%) | |
Regular exercise | 299,873 (22.5%) | 1,731 (16.9%) | 1,073 (16.7%) | 1,254 (15.4%) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 772,899 (58.1%) | 4,456 (43.4%) | 2,545 (39.7%) | 2,676 (32.8%) | < 0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 573,712 (43.1%) | 2,783 (27.1%) | 1,633 (25.5%) | 1,486 (18.2%) | < 0.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 152,772 (11.5%) | 1,363 (13.3%) | 735 (11.5%) | 765 (9.4%) | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular disease | 81,117 (6.1%) | 896 (8.7%) | 373 (5.8%) | 402 (4.9%) | < 0.001 |
Duration of diabetes mellitus ≥ 5 years | 453,736 (34.1%) | 4,043 (39.4%) | 1,962 (30.6%) | 2,400 (29.4%) | < 0.001 |
Use of insulin | 111,890 (8.4%) | 1,638 (16.0%) | 914 (14.3%) | 980 (12.0%) | < 0.001 |
Use of oral hypoglycemic agents, ≥3 | 200,474 (15.1%) | 1,925 (18.7%) | 837 (13.1%) | 1,019 (12.5%) | < 0.001 |
Waist Circumference, cm | 85.7 ± 8.2 | 71.2 ± 6.6 | 74.8 ± 6.9 | 68.8 ± 5.7 | < 0.001 |
Systolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 128.8 ± 15.3 | 123.0 ± 17.2 | 124.5 ± 16.5 | 121.7 ± 16.8 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 78.8 ± 10.0 | 75.2 ± 10.6 | 75.9 ± 10.3 | 74.9 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 141.5 ± 43.5 | 148.2 ± 63.7 | 140.2 ± 43.8 | 144.0 ± 51.0 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 194.8 ± 41.9 | 183.9 ± 42.6 | 188.2 ± 40.0 | 182.0 ± 37.5 | < 0.001 |
HDL -cholesterol, mg/dL | 51.6 ± 22.5 | 58.4 ± 26.3 | 57.2 ± 25.0 | 61.0 ± 28.0 | < 0.001 |
LDL -cholesterol, mg/dL | 110.3 ± 40.3 | 102.6 ± 41.5 | 106.1 ± 37.7 | 100.0 ± 37.9 | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 144.8 (144.7–145.0) | 102.3 (101.2–103.4) | 110.4 (108.9–111.9) | 95.6 (94.5–96.7) | < 0.001 |