Table 1 Epidemiological, clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with and without diabetes mellitus
All patients (n = 192) | DM (n = 51) | No DM (n = 141) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age - years | 62.5 [52.5–71.4] | 66.6 [56.6–72.3] | 59.8 [49-70.8] | 0.020 |
Female | 64 (33.3) | 9 (17.7) | 55 (39) | 0.006 |
Body mass index | 26.4 [23.7–30.9] | 28.7 [24.5–33.3] | 25.8 [23.1–28.7] | 0.003 |
Familial DCM | 26 (13.5) | 6 (11.7) | 20 (14.2) | 0.665 |
Alcohol excess | 21 (10.9) | 8 (15.7) | 13 (9.2) | 0.151 |
Previous chemotherapy | 8 (4.2) | 1 (2.0) | 7 (4.9) | 0.454 |
Left bundle branch block | 71 (37.6) | 23 (46) | 48 (34.5) | 0.151 |
NYHA functional class | ||||
I | 81 (42.2) | 14 (27.5) | 67 (47.5) | 0.035 |
II | 98 (51.0) | 33 (64.7) | 65 (46.1) | |
III | 13 (6.8) | 6 (11.8) | 7 (5.0) | |
Hypertension | 86 (44.8) | 34 (66.7) | 52 (36.9) | < 0.001 |
Dyslipemia | 69 (35.9) | 33 (64.7) | 36 (25.5) | < 0.001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 15 (7.9) | 7 (14) | 8 (5.7) | 0.060 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 13 (6.8) | 7 (13.7) | 6 (4.3) | 0.021 |
Stroke | 16 (8.3) | 9 (17.7) | 7 (5) | 0.005 |
Atrial fibrillation | 58 (30.5) | 22 (44) | 36 (25.7) | 0.016 |
Blood tests | ||||
NT proBNP (pg/mL) | 1135 [388–2837] | 1135 [524–2547] | 1184.5 [340–2984] | 0.943 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 74.2 [59–90] | 64.3 [48-80.2] | 79.7 [60-90.9] | 0.009 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.9 [5.6–6.3] | 7.2 [6.3–8.1] | 5.7 [5.5–6.1] | < 0.001 |
Medical treatment | ||||
Loop diuretics | 117 (63.6) | 33 (67.4) | 84 (62.2) | 0.523 |
Beta-blockers | 173 (93) | 46 (93.9) | 127 (92.7) | 0.782 |
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blocker | 98 (52.7) | 22 (44.9) | 76 (55.5) | 0.203 |
Angiotensin-receptor neprilisin inhibitor | 74 (39.8) | 24 (49) | 50 (36.5) | 0.125 |
Mineral receptor antagonists | 133 (71.5) | 36 (73.5) | 97 (70.8) | 0.723 |
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors | 87 (46.3) | 32 (62.8) | 55 (40.2) | 0.006 |
Oral anticoagulants | 66 (36.3) | 22 (45.8) | 44 (32.8) | 0.108 |
Devices | ||||
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator | 61 (31.8) | 22 (43.1) | 39 (27.7) | 0.042 |
Cardiac resynchronization therapy | 32 (16.7) | 12 (23.5) | 20 (14.2) | 0.125 |