Yearly attained adherence to Mediterranean diet and incidence of diabetes in a large randomized trial

Table 2 Hazard Ratios (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]) of type 2 diabetes according to upgraded cumulative average adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDAS^a score) during the trial

HR (95% CI)	Cumulative average of MEDAS^a In repeated measurements during follow-up^b				Continuous
HR (95% CI)	< 8	8 to < 10	10 to < 12	> = 12	per 2-point increment
Crude model	1 (ref.)	0.67 (0.49–0.91)	0.56 (0.40–0.78)	0.48 (0.27–0.84)	0.82 (0.72–0.94)
Age- and sex-adjusted	1 (ref.)	0.66 (0.48–0.91)	0.55 (0.40–0.77)	0.46 (0.26–0.81)	0.81 (0.71–0.92)
Multivariate adjusted 1^c	1 (ref.)	0.65 (0.47–0.89)	0.55 (0.39–0.77)	0.45 (0.25–0.81)	0.80 (0.70–0.91)
Multivariate adjusted 2^d	1 (ref.)	0.66 (0.48–0.90)	0.56 (0.40–0.79)	0.46 (0.25–0.83)	0.80 (0.70–0.92)

^aMEDAS mediterranean diet adherence screener
^bTime-dependent Cox regression models with cumulative averages of repeated measures were used to assess the relative risk of type 2 diabetes by upgraded cumulative adherence to MedDiet (14-point score), estimating the HRs and 95% CIs. All models were stratified by recruitment center, and robust SEs were used
^cAdjusted for age, sex, baseline smoking status (never, current, or former smoker), prevalence of dyslipidemia (yes/no) and hypertension (yes/no), total energy intake level (kcal/d), physical activity level (metabolic equivalent-min/d), educational level (primary education, secondary education, and academic/graduate)
^dAdditionally adjusted for propensity scores for being allocated to the different arms of the trial

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