Table 2 Comparison of CMR findings among T2DM patients with/without DPN and normal controls

LV geometry

 LVEDV (mL)

123.80 ± 23.27

127.27 ± 26.70

131.81 ± 31.58

 LVEDVI (mL/m²)

72.20 ± 11.53

74.54 ± 14.55

75.77 ± 16.20

 LVESV (mL)

42.96(33.16, 51.85)

45.86 (37.39, 55.16)

43.73 (36.02, 54.63)

 LVESVI (mL/m²)

25.17 (21.27, 29.29)

26.40 (21.67, 31.22)

24.60 (21.68, 30.69)

 LVSV (mL)

79.98 ± 16.19

80.85 ± 17.75

84.13 ± 20.24

 LVSVI (mL/m²)

46.71 ± 8.56

47.29 ± 9.49

48.43 ± 10.38

 Cardiac index (L/min/m²)

3.34 ± 0.86

3.49 ± 0.82

3.59 ± 0.74

 LVEF (%)

64.66 ± 6.38

63.70 ± 7.02

64.12 ± 7.59

 LVM (g)

68.13 (59.61, 82.62)

79.42 (66.53, 95.12)*

90.96 (68.37, 109.01)*

 LVMI (g/m²)

41.25 (37.73, 46.46)

46.81 (38.41, 53.89)*

49.21 (40.73, 59.78)*

 LV remodeling index (g/mL)

0.58 (0.51, 0.64)

0.63 (0.55, 0.74)*

0.66 (0.55, 0.80) *

 Non-infarct LGE, n (%)

NA

22 (17.9)

20 (37.0)^&

Myocardial strain

 GRS (%)

36.94 ± 7.21

33.42 ± 7.04*

32.02 ± 9.77*

 GCS (%)

− 21.13 ± 2.53

− 19.99 ± 2.34*

− 19.39 ± 3.25*

 GLS (%)

− 15.07 ± 2.56

− 13.24 ± 2.46*

− 11.92 ± 3.29*^&

Myocardial perfusion

 Upslope

2.69 ± 1.19

2.25 ± 1.18*

1.76 ± 0.60*^&

 TTM (s)

25.73 ± 9.71

31.57 ± 13.39*

31.68 ± 12.86*

 Max SI

22.83 ± 8.41

19.97 ± 7.81*

16.04 ± 4.88*^&