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Table 5 Risk of LLA in current GLP1-RA use compared to current SU use, stratified by sex and age

From: The use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus sulfonylureas and the risk of lower limb amputations: a nation-wide cohort study

 

Number of LLAs (N = 564)

IR (/1000 PY

Age/sex adjusted HR (95%CI)

Fully adjusted HR (95%CI)

Current SU use

54

2.14

Reference

 

Current DPP4-I use

149

2.18

1.01 (0.74–1.38)

0.89 (0.65–1.22)d

Current combined usea

90

2.48

1.28 (0.91–1.80)

1.00 (0.71–1.42)d

Current other NIGLD use

59

1.87

0.92 (0.64–1.34)

0.80 (0.55–1.17)d

Current GLP1-RA use

55

1.51

0.88 (0.60–1.29)

0.57 (0.39–0.84)d

 By sexb

  Males

46

2.28

0.88 (0.58–1.33)

0.57 (0.38–0.88)e

  Females

9

0.56

0.94 (0.37–2.39)

0.53 (0.21–1.38)f

 By age (years)c

  18–49

6

0.84

2.82 (0.34–23.42)

2.09 (0.25–17.46)g

  50–59

13

1.20

0.87 (0.36–2.10)

0.49 (0.20–1.19)h

  60–69

18

1.55

0.94 (0.46–1.93)

0.50 (0.24–1.04)i

  70 + 

18

2.70

0.90 (0.50–1.61)

0.64 (0.35–1.17)j

  1. The models have also been adjusted for current SGLT2-I use (36 LLAs) and past NIGLD use (121 LLAs) (not shown). In the stratifications, the number of included confounders in each Cox regression model was based on a maximum of one confounder per ten events [24]
  2. LLA lower limb amputation, IR incidence rate, PY person years, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NIGLD non-insulin glucose lowering drug, SU sulfonylurea, DPP4-I dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, GLP1-RA glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist
  3. aCombined use of at least two of the following NIGLDs: SGLT2-I and/or GLP1-RA and/or SU and/or DPP4-I
  4. bCompared with controls of the same sex
  5. cCompared with controls in the same age category
  6. dAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; immigrant status; education; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, retinopathy heart failure, hyperlipidaemia, ischaemic heart disease, osteomyelitis, renal disease, pulmonary heart disease, or bacterial foot infection; and the use of loop diuretics, antithrombotic agents, potassium sparing diuretics, beta blockers, lipid lowering drugs, angiotensin receptor blockers, digoxin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, or calcium channel blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  7. eAdjusted for age; diabetes duration; income category; immigrant status; education; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, retinopathy heart failure, hyperlipidaemia, ischaemic heart disease, osteomyelitis, renal disease, pulmonary heart disease, or bacterial foot infection; and the use of loop diuretics, antithrombotic agents, potassium sparing diuretics, beta blockers, lipid lowering drugs, angiotensin receptor blockers, digoxin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, or calcium channel blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  8. fAdjusted for age; diabetes duration; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of loop diuretics in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  9. gAdjusted for age; sex; and diabetes duration
  10. hAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of loop diuretics in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  11. iAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, retinopathy, or heart failure; and the use of loop diuretics, antithrombotic agents, or potassium sparing diuretics in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  12. jAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, retinopathy, heart failure, hyperlipidaemia, or ischaemic heart disease; and the use of loop diuretics, antithrombotic agents, potassium sparing diuretics, beta blockers, lipid lowering drugs, or angiotensin receptor blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840