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Table 3 Risk of LLA in current SGLT2-I use compared to current SU use, stratified by concomitant antihypertensive use, and history of peripheral arterial disease

From: The use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus sulfonylureas and the risk of lower limb amputations: a nation-wide cohort study

 

Number of LLAs (N = 564)

IR (/1000 PY

Age/sex adjusted HR (95%CI)

Fully adjusted HR (95%CI)

p-value Wald test

Current SU use

54

2.14

Reference

  

Current SGLT2-I use

36

2.30

1.24 (0.81–1.91)

1.10 (0.71–1.70)a

 

 By concomitant antihypertensive use in the previous 3 months

  Diuretics

   Yes

13

2.41

1.22 (0.66–2.25)

0.98 (0.53–1.81)b

0.60

   No

23

2.24

1.25 (0.76–2.06)

1.17 (0.71–1.94)b

 

  Drugs acting on RAAS

   Yes

24

2.84

1.44 (0.88–2.35)

1.23 (0.75–2.02)c

0.35

   No

12

1.67

0.97 (0.52–1.83)

0.88 (0.47–1.67)c

 

By history of PAD

   Yes

11

17.57

7.21 (3.75–13.86)

2.24 (1.15–4.36)d

0.01

   No

25

1.67

0.91 (0.56–1.47)

0.92 (0.56–1.49)d

 
  1. The models have also been adjusted for current DPP4-I use (149 LLAs), current combined use (90 LLAs), current other NIGLD use (59 LLAs), current GLP1-RA use (55 LLAs), and past NIGLD use (121 LLAs) (not shown)
  2. LLA lower limb amputation, IR incidence rate, PY person years, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NIGLD non-insulin glucose lowering drug, SU sulfonylurea, DPP4-I dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, SGLT2-I sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, RAAS renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, PAD peripheral arterial disease
  3. aAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents, lipid lowering drugs, potassium sparing diuretics, beta blockers, or angiotensin receptor blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  4. bAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents, lipid lowering drugs, beta blockers, or angiotensin receptor blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  5. cAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents, lipid lowering drugs, potassium sparing diuretics, or beta blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  6. dAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, or ischaemic heart disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents, lipid lowering drugs, potassium sparing diuretics, beta blockers, or angiotensin receptor blockers in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840