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Table 2 Risk of LLA in current SGLT2-I use compared to current SU use, stratified by sex and age

From: The use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus sulfonylureas and the risk of lower limb amputations: a nation-wide cohort study

 

Number of LLAs (N = 564)

IR (/1000 PY

Age/sex adjusted HR (95%CI)

Fully adjusted HR (95%CI)

Current SU use

54

2.14

Reference

 

Current DPP4-I use

149

2.18

1.01 (0.74–1.38)

0.89 (0.65–1.22)d

Current combined use a

90

2.48

1.28 (0.91–1.80)

0.99 (0.70–1.41)d

Current other NIGLD use

59

1.87

0.92 (0.64–1.34)

0.76 (0.53–1.11)d

Current SGLT2-I use

36

2.30

1.24 (0.81–1.91)

1.10 (0.71–1.70)d

By sexb

 Males

32

3.30

1.22 (0.77–1.94)

1.12 (0.70–1.79)e

 Females

< 5

0.67

1.21 (0.36–4.02)

0.94 (0.28–3.15)f

By age (years)c

 18–49

< 5

1.07

2.77 (0.28–27.08)

2.26 (0.23–22.09)g

 50–59

11

2.31

1.49 (0.59–3.77)

1.02 (0.40–2.61)h

 60–69

13

2.65

1.48 (0.68–3.22)

1.25 (0.57–2.75)i

 70 + 

9

2.84

0.94 (0.44–2.00)

1.10 (0.51–2.34)d

  1. The models have also been adjusted for current GLP1-RA use (55 LLAs) and past NIGLD use (121 LLAs) (not shown). In the stratifications, the number of included confounders in each Cox regression model was based on a maximum of one confounder per ten events [24]
  2. LLA lower limb amputation, IR incidence rate, PY person years, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NIGLD non-insulin glucose lowering drug, SU sulfonylurea, DPP4-I dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, SGLT2-I sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor
  3. aCombined use of at least two of the following NIGLDs: SGLT2-I and/or GLP1-RA and/or SU and/or DPP4-I
  4. bCompared with controls of the same sex
  5. cCompared with controls in the same age category
  6. dAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of insulin, beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, antithrombotic agents, or lipid lowering drugs in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  7. eAdjusted for age; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, or peripheral arterial disease; and the use of potassium sparing diuretics beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, antithrombotic agents, or lipid lowering drugs in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  8. fAdjusted for age; diabetes duration; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, or renal disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  9. gAdjusted for age; sex; and diabetes duration
  10. hAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, or renal disease; and the use of antithrombotic agents in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
  11. iAdjusted for age; sex; diabetes duration; income category; history of diabetic foot ulcer, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, renal disease, osteomyelitis, retinopathy, hypertension, or heart failure; and the use of antithrombotic agents, or lipid lowering drugs in the 6 months before the start of the exposure interval
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840