Table 1 Clinical and biological characteristics
From: Liraglutide reduces plasma dihydroceramide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
Characteristic | Controls | T2D patients—Liraglutide | |
|---|---|---|---|
At baseline (M0) | After 6 months of treatment (M6) | ||
No. subjects | 35 | 86 | |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Age (y) | 44.0 [34.0–53.0] | 58.7 [48.7–65.3]**** | 59.2 [49.2–65.8]#### |
Gender, F/M (n) | 26 / 9 | 37 / 49** | |
Diabetes duration (y) | NA | 7.0 [2.0–17.0] | |
Tabacco (present or past), n (%) | NP | 45 (52%) | |
Retinopathy, n (%) | NA | 11 (13%) | |
Nephropathy, n (%) | NA | 15 (18%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7 [20.5–24.6] | 35.1 [31.1–40.8]**** | 34.1 [30.0–38.8]####‡‡‡‡ |
Metformin, n (%) | 0 | 79 (92%) | |
Sulfonylurea, n (%) | 0 | 50 (58%) | |
Insulin, n (%) | 0 | 25 (29%) | |
Statins, n (%) | 0 | 33 (38%) | |
Ezetimibe, n (%) | 0 | 7 (8%) | |
Fibrates, n (%) | 0 | 8 (9%) | |
Blood and hepatic markers | |||
HbA1c (%) | NP | 9.60 [8.35–11.05] | 7.40 [6.35–8.25]#### |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.83 [4.52–5.22] | 9.33 [7.09–11.5]**** | 7.59 [5.99–9.14]####‡‡‡‡ |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 104 [91–116] | 100 [87–107] | 99 [88–108] |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.85 [0.62–1.05] | 1.85 [1.51–2.72]**** | 1.69 [1.24–2.58]##‡‡‡‡ |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.08 [4.34–5.98] | 4.59 [3.70–5.23]** | 4.53 [3.77–5.23]‡‡ |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.08 [2.27–3.54] | 2.45 [1.87–3.08]** | 2.56 [1.81–3.05]‡‡ |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.70 [1.39–1.93] | 1.01 [0.81–1.24]**** | 1.09 [0.93–1.38]###‡‡‡‡ |
TyG index | 4.38 [4.26–4.50] | 5.10 [4.89–5.32]**** | 4.91 [4.77–5.21]####‡‡‡‡ |
Liver fat content (%) 1 | NP | 17.3 [8.1–27.6] | 10.5 [5.1–17.8]#### |