Fig. 2
From: Insights into SGLT2 inhibitor treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy: focus on the mechanisms
SGLT2i can improve vasodilatory inflammation by decreasing uric acid levels. In proximal renal tubules, SGLT2i acts on SGLT2, decreasing the reabsorption of Na ions and glucose and increasing glucose concentrations in the lumen, which is exchanged with uric acid by GLUT9 isoform 2. This leads to increased uric acid exclusion. In the collecting duct, high levels of glucose inhibit this exchange and reduce the absorption of uric acid, thereby draining it. Lowering the concentration of uric acid in the blood helps reduce inflammation in the blood vessels