Table 1 Baseline characteristics
From: Time-dependent effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular benefits: a real-world study
| Â | Primary prevention | Secondary prevention |
|---|---|---|
N | 395 | 155 |
Gender (males) | 193 (48.86%) | 119 (76.77%) |
Age, years | 61.6 ± 10.1 | 66.3 ± 7.8 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 34.2 ± 5.8 | 32.2 ± 5.9 |
 BMI < 30 | 92 (23.35%) | 62 (40.00%) |
 BMI 30–35 | 148 (37.56%) | 56 (36.13%) |
 BMI > 35 | 154 (39.09%) | 37 (23.87%) |
Obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 302 (76.5%) | 93 (60.0%) |
Diabetes duration, years | 8 (0–48) | 11 (0–50) |
Diabetes duration > 10 years | 136 (34.43%) | 78 (50.32%) |
sBP | 137.9 ± 15.6 | 132.9 ± 14.7 |
dBP | 79.9 ± 8.8 | 76.6 ± 8.3 |
Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 174.1 ± 53.8 | 161.9 ± 50.2 |
HbA1c, % | 8.22 ± 1.36 | 7.87 ± 1.33 |
HbA1c < 7% | 50 (12.66%) | 35 (22.58%) |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 181.6 ± 38.6 | 149.3 ± 32.8 |
HDL, mg/dL | 45.8 ± 11.3 | 41.8 ± 10.3 |
Tryglicerides, mg/dL | 178.4 ± 122.4 | 159.4 ± 79.6 |
LDLca, mg/dL | 102.7 ± 34.1 | 76.3 ± 26.6 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.86 ± 0.26 | 1.01 ± 0.32 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 85.3 ± 19.3 | 76.7 ± 20.6 |
Proteinuria | 11 (2.89%) | 9 (6.04%) |
Diabetic kidney disease | 91 (23.27%) | 52 (33.77%) |
Diabetic retinopathy | 51 (12.9%) | 37 (23.9%) |
Smoking status | ||
 Never | 236 (59.75%) | 75 (48.39%) |
 Current smokers | 71 (17.97%) | 22 (14.19%) |
 Former smokers | 88 (22.28%) | 58 (37.42%) |
Ischemic heart disease | 0 | 137 (88.39%) |
Stroke | 0 | 8 (5.16%) |
Peripheral artery revascularization | 0 | 28 (18.06%) |
Arterial hypertension | 296 (74.94%) | 150 (96.77%) |
Dyslipidemia | 247 (62.53%) | 149 (96.13%) |
> 50% carotid, coronary, or peripheral artery stenosis | 22 (5.6%) | 31 (20.6%) |
Heart failure | 7 (1.8%) | 13 (8.4%) |