Gender disparities in time-to-initiation of cardioprotective glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study

Table 2 Initiation rates and initiation rate ratios for female and male patients

	Persons	Individuals initiating GLD	Person Years (PY)	Initiation rate (per 1000 PY)	Crude initiation rate ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted 1 initiation rate ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted 2 initiation rate ratio (95% CI)
Cardiovascular disease
Male	41,333	4261	113,195	37.64 (36.53–38.79)	–	–	–
Female	25,949	2015	70,061	28.76 (27.53–30.04)	0.76 (0.72–0.81)	0.86 (0.82–0.91)	0.92 (0.87–0.97)
Ischemic heart disease
Male	21,416	2558	62,405	40.99 (9.43–42.61)	–	-	-
Female	11,530	1092	34,429	31.72 (29.89–33.66)	0.77 (0.72–0.83)	0.85 (0.79–0.91)	0.91 (0.85–0.98)
Heart failure
Male	6137	592	14,441	41.00 (37.82–44.43)	–	–
Female	4305	258	9772	26.40 (23.37–29.83)	0.64 (0.56–0.75)	0.81 (0.70–0.94)	0.85 (0.73–1.00)^a
Peripheral arterial disease
Male	4813	421	12,827	32.82 (29.83–36.11)	–	–
Female	3247	218	8663	25.16 (22.04–28.73)	0.77 (0.65–0.90)	0.88 (0.75–1.04)	0.92 (0.78–1.09)
Stroke
Male	8967	690	23,522	29.33 (27.22–31.61)	–	–	–
Female	6867	447	17,196	25.99 (23.69–28.52)	0.89 (0.79–1.00)	0.97 (0.86–1.10)	1.06 (0.93–1.20)

Adjustment 1: Age at dual diagnosis, diabetes duration, calendar year and educational level
Adjustment 2: adjustment 1 + HbA1c, LDL, eGFR, lipid lowering medication, and antihypertensive medication
HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c; LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; GFR glomerular filtration rate
^aUpper limit of 95% confidence interval < 1.00

ISSN: 1475-2840