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Table 3 Association of Δmetabolites with mortality

From: Response of circulating metabolites to an oral glucose challenge and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the community

Metabolite

Δ metabolites

Fasting metabolites

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

HR (95% CI)

P-value

HR (95% CI)

P-value

HR (95% CI)

P-value

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Hydroxyphenylacetate

1.29 (1.07–1.56)

0.007

1.29 (1.06–1.57)

0.010

0.98 (0.82–1.17)

0.82

0.96 (0.80–1.15)

0.64

PC 32:0

0.86 (0.73–1.00)

0.053

0.81 (0.69–0.95)

0.011

1.10 (0.91–1.32)

0.31

1.05 (0.87–1.27)

0.59

TAG 56:5

1.26 (1.04–1.53)

0.02

1.27 (1.03–1.55)

0.023

1.03 (0.86–1.23)

0.73

0.95 (0.79–1.14)

0.56

Glucuronate

0.85 (0.74–0.99)

0.033

0.84 (0.72–0.98)

0.028

0.99 (0.83–1.18)

0.87

0.95 (0.78–1.14)

0.56

⍺-ketoglutarate

1.21 (1.00–1.46)

0.052

1.22 (1.01–1.46)

0.037

1.12 (0.92–1.37)

0.24

1.06 (0.86–1.30)

0.61

NMMA

0.86 (0.72–1.02)

0.09

0.83 (0.69–1.00)

0.045

1.11 (0.93–1.33)

0.26

1.10 (0.91–1.32)

0.33

Sucrose

1.22 (1.01–1.46)

0.037

1.21 (0.99–1.47)

0.058

0.95 (0.76–1.19)

0.67

0.88 (0.70–1.11)

0.27

Propionate

1.27 (1.02–1.59)

0.032

1.25 (0.99–1.59)

0.06

0.97 (0.76–1.24)

0.80

0.99 (0.77–1.27)

0.92

  1. Δ Metabolite is the log2 fold-change from pre- to post-OGTT and baseline metabolites were log-transformed. Baseline and change metabolite values were standardized (mean 0 and SD 1)
  2. The hazard ratio (HR) represents the relative hazard for a 1-SD higher log2 fold-change in the metabolite. P-values are not adjusted for multiple hypothesis testing. Values in bold represent statistically significant associations at a P < 0.05 level
  3. The Δ metabolite models are also adjusted for fasting metabolite levels
  4. Model 1 is adjusted for age and sex
  5. Model 2 is adjusted also for BMI, smoking, hypertension treatment, systolic blood pressure, and total/HDL cholesterol