Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the participants
| Â | Participants without previous T2DM | Patients with previous T2DM |
|---|---|---|
Number | 49439 | 6197 |
Age, year | 50.0 ± 9.80 | 55.9 ± 8.97 |
Sex | ||
 Men | 32539 (65.8) | 5182 (83.6) |
 Women | 16900 (34.2) | 1015 (16.4) |
Current smoking | 10238 (20.7) | 1752 (28.3) |
Previous hypertension | ||
 No | 38170 (77.2) | 2905 (46.9) |
 Yes | 11269 (22.8) | 3292 (53.1) |
Lipid-lowering medication use | ||
 No | 42758 (86.5) | 4185 (67.5) |
 Yes | 6681 (13.5) | 2012 (32.5) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 ± 3.48 | 26.3 ± 3.35 |
SBP, mmHg | 121 ± 18.5 | 129 ± 18.5 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.17 ± 0.88 | 2.87 ± 0.98 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.80 ± 1.46 | 2.20 ± 1.95 |
FPG, mmol/L | 5.46 ± 1.03 | 7.76 ± 2.35 |
Fasting insulin, mU/L | 10.7 ± 6.96 | 13.4 ± 23.8 |
Fasting C-peptide, ng/mL | 2.51 ± 0.97 | 2.68 ± 1.14 |
2hPG, mmol/L | 8.09 ± 2.39 | 11.7 ± 3.47 |
HbA1c, % | 5.7 ± 0.63 | 7.1 ± 1.26 |
HOMA-IR | 2.69 ± 2.13 | 4.71 ± 8.60 |
hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.69 ± 4.26 | 2.03 ± 5.23 |
hs-cTnT, ng/L | 5.85 ± 4.82 | 8.90 ± 27.0 |
Glucose metabolism status | ||
 NGM | 25463 (51.5) |  |
 Prediabetes | 18451 (37.3) |  |
 ND-T2DM | 5525 (11.2) |  |
Use of antidiabetic medication | ||
 Metformin |  | 4415 (71.2) |
 Sulfonylurea |  | 709 (11.4) |
 Glinides |  | 323 (5.21) |
 Thiazolidinediones |  | 149 (2.40) |
 α-Glucosidase inhibitor |  | 1093 (17.6) |
 DPP-4 inhibitors |  | 1275 (20.6) |
 GLP-1 agonists |  | 241 (3.89) |
 SGLT2 inhibitors |  | 401 (6.47) |
 Insulins |  | 1689 (27.3) |