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Table 3 Comparisons of Δvalues of clinical parameters between the MET group and the MET-DUL group before and after treatment (\(\overline{x}\) ± s)

From: Effects of dulaglutide on endothelial progenitor cells and arterial elasticity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Variables

MET (n = 30)

MET-DUL (n = 29)

P value

ΔBMI (kg/m2)

− 0.11 ± 0.08

− 0.82 ± 0.13

0.01

ΔSBP (mmHg)

− 1.08 ± 0.11

− 2.45 ± 0.27

0.29

ΔDBP (mmHg)

0.02 ± 0.04

0.03 ± 0.02

0.76

ΔFPG (mmol/l)

− 0.41 ± 0.04

− 0.52 ± 0.09

0.65

ΔFCP (ng/ml)

0.11 ± 0.05

0.19 ± 0.04

0.47

ΔHbA1c (%; mmol/mol)

− 0.39 ± 0.08; − 2.99 ± 0.13

− 0.48 ± 0.09; − 3.68 ± 0.14

0.19

ΔTG (mmol/l)

− 0.22 ± 0.07

− 0.25 ± 0.10

0.78

ΔTCH (mmol/l)

0.09 ± 0.05

0.08 ± 0.04

0.80

ΔHDL-C (mmol/l)

0.01 ± 0.01

0.01 ± 0.01

0.90

ΔLDL-C (mmol/l)

0.01 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.05

0.78

ΔNO (μmol/l)

6.14 ± 1.08

38.92 ± 9.83

0.00

ΔVEGF (pmol/ml)

9.18 ± 0.85

13.71 ± 6.63

0.10

ΔSDF-1α (pmol/ml)

23.95 ± 5.37

19.26 ± 6.32

0.29

ΔCRP (mg/l)

− 0.09 ± 0.02

− 2.98 ± 0.16

0.02

ΔTNF-α (pg/ml)

− 2.29 ± 0.14

− 6.48 ± 0.18

0.04

ΔIL-6 (ng/l)

− 12.45 ± 4.89

− 56.71 ± 6.35

0.03

ΔAGEs (ng/ml)

− 35.12 ± 2.28

− 124.64 ± 14.14

0.03

ΔEPCs (/106 cell)

2.12 ± 0.97

19.97 ± 5.86

0.01

ΔbaPWV (cm/s)

− 94.54 ± 13.27

− 359.8 ± 15.46

0.02

ΔEPA (OD value)

0.11 ± 0.02

0.39 ± 0.04

0.03

ΔEAA (cell numbers)

2.79 ± 0.15

14.91 ± 5.25

0.02

ΔEMA (cell numbers)

1.41 ± 0.09

12.36 ± 4.17

0.02

ΔETF (μm)

58.13 ± 16.24

388.52 ± 38.56

0.04

  1. Data are presented mean ± standard deviations
  2. MET metformin monotherapy group, MET-DUL metformin combined with dulaglutide treatment group, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic pressure, DBP diastolic pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, FCP fasting C peptide, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin A1c, TG triglyceride, TCH total cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, NO nitric oxide, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, SDF-1α stromal cell derived factor-1α, CRP C-reactive protein, TNF-α tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-6 interleukin-6, AGEs advanced glycation end products, EPCs endothelial progenitor cells, baPWV brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity, EPA endothelial progenitor cells proliferative ability, EAA endothelial progenitor cells adhesion ability, EMA endothelial progenitor cells migration ability, ETF endothelial progenitor cells tubule forming ability, ∆ the change value of various index before and after treatment
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840