CCL7 as a novel inflammatory mediator in cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease

Table 1 Summary of the CCL7 in cardiovascular disease in this review article

Cardiovascular disease			References
Myocardial infarction	CCL7↑	Risk of death↑/Recurrent myocardial infarction↑/Cardiac inflammation↑	[29,30,31]
Myocardial infarction	CCL7 (MSCs) ↑	Cardiac remodeling↑ /Survival of HUVECs ↑/Myocardial inflammation↑	[32,33,34]
Cardiac hypertrophy	CCL7↑	Inflammation (Early phase of cardiac hypertrophy) ↑	[35, 36]
Angiogenesis	CCL7↑	Formation of blood vessels (Physiological condition) ↑	[37, 38]
Atherosclerosis	In VSMCs and in carotid artery after balloon angioplasty CCL7↑ CCL7 (monocyte) ↑	Arterial thrombosis↑/-altered gut microbial diversity/VSMCs proliferation↑/Lipid accumulation in the aortas↑/ Endothelial expression of ICAM-1, CCL2, CCL7, IL-6, and IL-1β↑	[39,40,41,42,43,44,45]
Hypertension	CCL7↑	5-year transplant-free survival rates↓/Mononuclear cell and macrophage infiltration↑	[46,47,48,49]
Aortic aneurysm	CCL7↑	M1 phenotype of macrophage (CCR1/JAK2/STAT1) ↑	[27, 50]

HUVECs human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule-1, IL-1β: interleukin-1β, IL-6: interleukin-6, MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, VSMCs vascular smooth muscle cells

ISSN: 1475-2840