The relationships between FLAIS, a novel insulin sensitivity index, and cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study

Karczewska-Kupczewska, Monika; Nikołajuk, Agnieszka; Kondraciuk, Marcin; Stachurska, Zofia; Dubatówka, Marlena; Szpakowicz, Anna; Strączkowski, Marek; Kowalska, Irina; Kamiński, Karol

doi:10.1186/s12933-022-01491-y

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Table 6 Multiple regression analysis models for the correlations of FLAIS and other indices with CVD risk factors

From: The relationships between FLAIS, a novel insulin sensitivity index, and cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based study

	Systolic blood pressure		Diastolic blood pressure		Waist circumference		Triglycerides		HDL-cholesterol		LDL-cholesterol
	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p
Model 1
Age	0.32	< 0.001	0.18	0.006	0.27	< 0.001	0.25	< 0.001	0.01	0.81	0.24	0.0003
Sex (M/F)	− 0.28	< 0.001	− 0.01	0.82	− 0.18	0.0002	− 0.01	0.96	0.24	< 0.001	0.08	0.23
Medication (no/yes)	− 0.06	0.32	− 0.08	0.25	0.21	0.18	0.04	0.50	− 0.11	0.044	− 0.06	0.39
Normal glucose tolerance (yes/no)	0.11	0.046	0.09	0.13	0.05	0.24	− 0.04	0.45	0.08	0.15	− 0.01	0.92
FLAIS	− 0.19	0.004	− 0.31	< 0.001	− 0.52	< 0.001	− 0.44	< 0.001	0.38	< 0.001	− 0.28	< 0.001
R² of the model	0.29		0.15		0.53		0.24		0.31		0.09
Corrected R²	0.28		0.13		0.52		0.23		0.29		0.08
AIC	1790		1530		1457		− 1106		1746		2381
Model 2
Age	0.29	< 0.001	0.14	0.03	0.20	< 0.001	0.19	0.002	0.06	0.26	0.20	0.003
Sex (M/F)	− 0.38	< 0.001	− 0.15	0.005	− 0.41	< 0.001	− 0.20	< 0.001	0.41	< 0.001	− 0.05	0.32
Medication (no/yes)	− 0.04	0.52	− 0.06	0.32	0.08	0.08	0.06	0.30	− 0.13	0.017	− 0.03	0.59
Normal glucose tolerance (yes/no)	0.13	0.021	0.07	0.21	− 0.01	0.91	− 0.06	0.29	0.09	0.09	0.001	0.99
HOMA-IR	0.08	0.15	0.25	< 0.001	0.51	< 0.001	0.36	< 0.001	− 0.30	< 0.001	0.18	0.003
R² of the model	0.28		0.14		0.59		0.24		0.30		0.07
Corrected R²	0.27		0.13		0.59		0.23		0.29		0.06
AIC	1796		1531		1407		− 1104		1748		2388
Δ AIC	− 6.52		− 0.501		49.26		− 2.214		− 2.252		− 7.03
The preferred model (comparison with Model 1)	Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 2 (HOMA-IR)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)
The probability that the referred model is correct	96.3%		56.23%		99.99%		75.16%		75.51%		97.11%
Model 3
Age	0.29	< 0.001	0.14	0.032	0.20	< 0.001	0.19	0.002	0.06	0.26	0.20	0.003
Sex (M/F)	− 0.38	< 0.001	− 0.16	0.004	− 0.42	< 0.001	− 0.21	< 0.001	0.41	< 0.001	− 0.06	0.31
Medication (no/yes)	− 0.03	0.55	− 0.06	0.36	0.09	0.053	0.07	0.26	− 0.14	0.014	− 0.03	0.61
Normal glucose tolerance (yes/no)	0.13	0.017	0.08	0.19	− 0.01	0.91	− 0.06	0.29	0.09	0.078	− 0.01	0.97
QUICKI	− 0.06	0.24	− 0.24	< 0.001	− 0.50	< 0.001	− 0.35	< 0.001	0.31	< 0.001	− 0.18	0.002
R² of the model	0.27		0.14		0.58		0.24		0.30		0.08
Corrected R²	0.26		0.13		0.58		0.22		0.29		0.06
AIC	1797		1533		1413		− 1103		1747		2387
Δ AIC	− 7.253		− 2.72		43.23		− 3.237		− 1.127		− 6.554
The preferred model (comparison with Model 1)	Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 3 (QUICKI)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)
The probability that the referred model is correct	97.41%		79.58%		99.99%		83.46%		63.73%		96.36%
Model 4
Age	0.29	< 0.001	0.12	0.069	0.16	< 0.001	0.16	0.006	0.09	0.11	0.19	0.003
Sex (M/F)	− 0.38	< 0.001	− 0.16	0.003	− 0.43	< 0.001	− 0.22	< 0.001	0.42	< 0.001	− 0.08	0.16
Medication (no/yes)	− 0.04	0.50	− 0.06	0.37	0.09	0.046	0.06	0.29	− 0.14	0.011	− 0.04	0.52
Normal glucose tolerance (yes/no)	0.11	0.045	0.06	0.29	− 0.01	0.77	− 0.09	0.099	0.10	0.059	− 0.01	0.96
Matsuda index	− 0.10	0.06	− 0.26	< 0.001	− 0.49	< 0.001	− 0.40	< 0.001	0.31	< 0.001	− 0.15	0.012
R² of the model	0.28		0.14		0.56		0.26		0.30		0.07
Corrected R²	0.27		0.13		0.56		0.25		0.29		0.06
AIC	1786 (vs 1781)		1524 (vs 1523)		1422 (vs 1450)		− 1106 (vs − 1099)		1739 (vs 1736)		2367 (vs 2358)
Δ AIC	− 5.011		− 1.282		27.59		7.65		− 3.304		− 9.047
The preferred model (comparison with Model 1)	Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 4 (Matsuda)		Model 4 (Matsuda)		Model 1 (FLAIS)		Model 1 (FLAIS)
The probability that the referred model is correct	92.45%		65.5%		99.99%		97.86%		83.91%		98.93%

Significant beta coefficients are indicated in bold. AIC, Akaike Information Criterion. The lower AIC, the better fit of the model. Δ AIC was calculated as AIC model 1—AIC model 2, 3 or 4, i.e. the negative values indicate that the preferred model is model 1 (with FLAIS)
Matsuda index was calculated in 337, therefore, slightly different AIC from Model 1 was taken for comparisons and ΔAIC calculation

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