Fig. 3

GLP-1R downstream signaling pathway activation after stimulation by LIRA treatment. A CD34⁺ HSPC stimulation with 100 nM LIRA determined a significant time-dependent accumulation of intracellular cAMP, with a maximum peak after 10 min of treatment (**p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001 vs basal; one-way ANOVA). B The addition of 150 nM EXE, a competitive antagonist of GLP-1R prevented the intracellular cAMP accumulation induced by increasing concentration of LIRA (10–100 nM) (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01 vs basal two-way ANOVA). EXE = exendin 9–39, LIRA = liraglutide