Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

Patients no.

870

258

Male

743 (85.4)

208 (80.6)

0.079

Age, years

56.40 ± 11.24

59.80 ± 9.72

< 0.001

Height, cm

170.00 [166.00, 175.00]

170.00 [164.00, 175.00]

0.119

Weight, kg

76.00 [69.00, 85.00]

77.00 [68.25, 85.00]

0.881

BMI

26.33 [24.22, 28.73]

27.01 [24.52, 29.38]

0.093

Clinical presence (%)

–

–

0.037

 Asymptomatic

18 (2.1)

6 (2.3)

 Stable angina

278 (32.0)

90 (34.9)

 Unstable angina

384 (44.1)

125 (48.4)

 NSTEMI

54 (6.2)

13 (5.0)

 STEMI

122 (14.0)

19 (7.4)

 Dyspnea

7 (0.8)

0 (0.0)

 Palpitation

7 (0.8)

5 (1.9)

Acute MI

176 (20.2)

32 (12.4)

0.006

Prior MI

244 (28.0)

66 (25.6)

0.484

Prior PCI

203 (23.3)

71 (27.5)

0.196

Hypertension

555 (63.8)

182 (70.5)

0.054

Dyslipidemia

536 (61.6)

183 (70.9)

0.008

Peripheral arterial disease

60 (6.9)

21 (8.1)

0.588

Family history of CAD

145 (16.7)

44 (17.1)

0.959

Current smoker

306 (35.2)

88 (34.1)

0.810

LVEF

62.00 [57.00, 66.20]

62.05 [58.02, 66.10]

0.417

LVID

50.00 [47.00, 53.00]

50.00 [46.00, 53.00]

0.461

HbA1c

5.90 [5.60, 6.10]

7.30 [6.50, 8.10]

< 0.001

Cr

78.30 [69.14, 88.50]

76.10 [67.14, 86.06]

0.041

EGFR

114.10 ± 25.51

114.49 ± 28.33

0.832

HsCRP

1.91 [0.98, 4.29]

1.91 [1.09, 4.38]

0.531

TC

4.23 [3.56, 5.00]

4.05 [3.41, 4.72]

0.015

TG

1.58 [1.14, 2.09]

1.70 [1.27, 2.26]

0.006

LDL

2.50 [1.94, 3.16]

2.38 [1.84, 2.94]

0.018

HDL

0.98 [0.85, 1.16]

0.95 [0.79, 1.09]

0.001

NT-proBNP

205.73 [109.25, 269.00]

196.26 [109.25, 238.24]

0.307

Medications at discharge

–

–

–

 Aspirin

843 (96.9)

253 (98.1)

0.437

 Clopidogrel

586 (67.4)

178 (69.0)

0.676

 Ticagrelor

22 (2.5)

6 (2.3)

1.000

 Statins

786 (90.3)

236 (91.5)

0.672

 ACEI/ARB

472 (54.3)

149 (57.8)

0.357

 β-blocker

736 (84.6)

225 (87.2)

0.348

 CCB_DHP

194 (22.3)

81 (31.4)

0.004

 CCB_nonDHP

160 (18.4)

53 (20.5)

0.493

 Nitrates

730 (83.9)

227 (88.0)

0.132

Revascularization (%)

–

–

1.000

 None

361 (41.5)

107 (41.5)

–

 PCI

377 (43.3)

112 (43.4)

–

 CABG

132 (15.2)

39 (15.1)

–

Duration of diabetes diagnosis, years

–

6.00 [2.00, 10.00]

–

Glucose-lowering treatment before admission

–

213 (82.56)

–

 Insulin

–

89 (34.50)

–

 Metformin

–

68 (26.36)

–

 α-glucosidase

–

95 (36.82)

–

 Sulfonylurea

–

46 (17.83)

–

 Thiazolidinedione

–

4 (1.55)

–

 Glinides

–

19 (7.36)

–

 DPP-4 inhibitor

–

3 (1.16)

–

 GLP-1RA

–

0 (0.00)

–

Glucose-lowering treatment at discharge

–

228 (83.37)

–

 Insulin

–

96 (37.21)

–

 Metformin

–

78 (30.23)

–

 α-glucosidase

–

115 (44.57)

–

 Sulfonylurea

–

49 (18.99)

–

 Thiazolidinedione

–

4 (1.55)

–

 Glinides

–

18 (6.98)

–

 DPP-4 inhibitor

–

5 (1.94)

–

 GLP-1RA

–

2 (0.78)

–