Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of the study cohort, by exposure status

From: Consultation rates in people with type 2 diabetes with and without vascular complications: a retrospective analysis of 141,328 adults in England

Variables

T2DM

N (%)

CVD

N (%)

T2DM AND CVD*

N (%)

Total, n

83,094 (58.8%)

57,974 (41.0%)

11,881 (8.4%)

Average duration, mean years

5.49

4.12

4.03

Age, mean [sd] years

61.03 (13.61)

71.15 (14.52)

69.61 (12.20)

Sex (%)

   

 Men

43,791 (52.7%)

26,599 (45.9%)

6,933 (58.4%)

 Women

39,303 (47.2%)

31,375 (54.1%)

4,948 (41.6%)

Ethnicity (%)

   

 White

73,182 (88.1%)

54,337 (93.7%)

11,056 (93.1%)

 South asian

4,720 (5.7%)

763 (1.3%)

417 (3.5%)

 Black

2,048 (2.5%)

484 (0.8%)

141 (1.2%)

 Other

505 (0.6%)

108 (0.2%)

38 (0.3%)

Smoking status (%)

   

 Non-smoker

47,659 (57.4%)

32,034 (55.3%)

4,721 (39.7%)

 Ex-smoker

5,024 (6.05%)

4,535 (7.8%)

5,187 (43.7%)

 Current smoker

30,113 (36.2%)

20,359 (35.11%)

1,945 (16.4%)

 Missing

298 (0.4%)

1,046 (1.8%)

28 (0.2%)

Bmi (kg/m2)

   

 Bmi mean [sd]

31.79 (6.81)

27.03 (5.59)

30.60 (6.11)

 18.5–24.9

9,507 (11.4%)

12,059 (20.8%)

1,175 (9.9%)

 25.0–29.9

24,318 (26.3%)

12,925 (22.3%)

2,664 (22.4%)

 30.0–34.9

22,535 (27.12%)

6,344 (10.9%)

2,312 (19.5%)

 35.0–39.9

12,048 (14.5%)

2,035 (3.5%)

1,013 (8.5%)

 40.0–44.9

5,293 (6.4%)

580 (1.0%)

343 (2.9%)

Hba1c, mean [sd] (%)

7.85 (2.07)

6.00 (1.19)

7.41 (1.69)

Egfr mean [sd] (ml/min/1.73m2)

79.00 (20.47)

68.18 (20.26)

80.32 (34.01)

Blood pressure

   

 Systolic, mean [sd] (mmhg)

139.72 (18.45)

140.68 (22.23)

136.45 (19.83)

 Diastolic, mean [sd] (mmhg)

81.73 (10.83)

79.46 (11.92)

76.82 (11.04)

Uric Acid, mean [sd] (µmol)

345.75 (78.35)

344.61 (81.75)

399.41 (110.00)

Comorbidities (%)

   

 Ischaemic heart disease

9,677 (11.6%)

10,988 (19.0%)

5,708 (48.0%)

 Heart failure

2,686 (3.2%)

3,911 (6.9%)

1,415 (11.9%)

 Hypertension

41,811 (50.3%)

29,514 (51.0%)

8,642 (72.7%)

 Microalbuminuria

197 (0.2%)

89 (0.2%)

526 (4.4%)

 Non-traumatic amputation

467 (0.6%)

548 (1.0%)

167 (1.4%)

 Atrial fibrillation

4402 (5.3%)

7,259 (12.7%)

3,701 (31.2%)

 Peripheral arterial disease

837 (1.0%)

2,178 (3.8%)

1,227 (10.3%)

Consultations

   

 Total, n

6,155,602

3,154,091

912,105

 Primary care, n

5,108,427

2,482,575

622,770

 Specialist care, n

1,047,175

671,516

289,335

  1. There were 260 patients that were diagnosed with T2DM and CVD at the same time upon index date they were included in the analysis as cardiometabolic multimorbidity patients
  2. *These patients transitioned during the study to cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Measurements for those with T2DM + CVD were obtained 3 months before or after the transition date (change of status) for this group
  3. There were 27,928 (19.8%) missing BMI values and 64,254 (45.5%) missing Hba1c values for those with T2DM only and CVD only. There were 4101 (34.5%) missing BMI values and 3372 (28.4%) missing Hba1c values in those that transitioned during the study period
  4. SD Standard deviation, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD coronary heart disease/stroke
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840