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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with hypertension and incident T2DM in UK Biobank

From: Association of healthy lifestyle including a healthy sleep pattern with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus among individuals with hypertension

Baseline characteristic

Hypertension

Normotension

No. of hypertension (n = 227,966)

Incident T2DM (n = 5428)

No. of normotension (n = 203,005)

Incident T2DM (n = 1547)

Age, mean (SD), y

58.33 (7.52)

59.67 (7.13)

53.47 (8.02)

56.64 (7.97)

Male

117,456 (51.52)

3210 (59.14)

78,392 (38.62)

808 (52.23)

Education

 Vocational

16,505 (7.39)

472 (9.07)

11,155 (5.60)

127 (8.67)

 Lower secondary

59,766 (26.75)

1324 (25.45)

54,733 (27.5)

373 (25.48)

 Upper secondary

23,628 (10.57)

405 (7.78)

24,629 (12.37)

140 (9.56)

 Higher

77,190 (34.54)

1245 (23.93)

85,783 (43.10)

432 (29.51)

 None of the above

46,364 (20.75)

1757 (33.77)

22,724 (11.42)

392 (26.78)

Family history of T2DM

40,909 (17.95)

1552 (28.59)

34,640 (17.06)

476 (30.77)

Family history of hypertension

95,551 (41.91)

2057 (37.90)

68,326 (33.66)

376 (24.31)

Socioeconomic status quintile

 1 (least deprived)

46,326 (20.35)

760 (14.02)

41,336 (20.39)

218 (14.10)

 2–4

137,380 (60.33)

3039 (56.05)

122,007 (60.18)

821 (53.10)

 5 (most deprived)

43,991 (19.32)

1623 (29.93)

39,407 (19.44)

507 (32.79)

Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg

149.59 (15.85)

148.55 (17.78)

123.69 (9.89)

126.10 (9.23)

Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg

87.71 (9.35)

87.09 (10.34)

76.14 (7.00)

77.66 (6.94)

No. of healthy lifestyle score

 0

8105 (4.51)

393 (10.03)

4462 (2.73)

87 (7.87)

 1

33,067 (18.40)

1127 (28.77)

20,266 (12.41)

288 (26.04)

 2

53,509 (29.77)

1283 (32.75)

40,597 (24.87)

355 (32.10)

 3

48,976 (27.25)

792 (20.22)

47,421 (29.05)

260 (23.51)

 4

26,895 (14.96)

273 (6.97)

34,859 (21.35)

89 (8.05)

 ≥ 5

9203 (5.12)

49 (1.25)

15,655 (9.59)

27 (2.44)

Incident diabetes per 1000 person-yearsa

2.42 (95% CI 2.35–2.49)

 

1.01 (95% CI 0.95–1.06)

 
  1. Data are mean (SD) or percentages, or as otherwise indicated; Percentages may not sum to 100 because of rounding
  2. T2DM Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, BMI Body Mass Index, No. number, CI confidence interval
  3. aAdjusted for age, sex, education, socioeconomic status quintile, family history of T2DM and hypertension
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840