Reduction of estimated fluid volumes following initiation of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a secondary analysis of the placebo-controlled, randomized EMBLEM trial

Table 2 Changes in estimated fluid volume status at weeks 4, 12, and 24

	Empagliflozin		Placebo		Group difference (95% CI)
ePV	(n)		(n)
Baseline^a	51	2472 ± 382	53	2535 ± 432	− 63 (− 222 to 96)
Change from baseline to 4 weeks, %	44	− 1.19 ± 7.06	45	0.79 ± 9.59	− 1.98 (− 5.54 to 1.57)
Change from baseline to 12 weeks, %	46	− 7.42 ± 9.50	46	0.43 ± 13.35	− 7.85 (− 12.65 to − 3.05)
Change from baseline to 24 weeks, %	48	− 6.66 ± 12.57	52	− 1.13 ± 8.98	− 5.53 (− 9.84 to − 1.22)
eEV
Baseline, mL	52	13,860 ± 1764	53	14,089 ± 1564	− 228 (− 873 to 416)
Change from baseline to 4 weeks, mL	45	− 32.4 ± 172.5	47	24.9 ± 153.6	− 57.2 (− 124.8 to 10.4)
Change from baseline to 12 weeks, mL	46	− 131.2 ± 139.7	48	12.3 ± 166.5	− 143.4 (− 206.5 to − 80.3)
Change from baseline to 24 weeks, mL	50	− 168.3 ± 202.2	52	− 22.8 ± 218.8	− 145.5 (− 228.4 to − 62.7)

Data are expressed as mean ± SD
CI confidence interval, eEV estimated extracellular volume, ePV estimated plasma volume
^aePV at baseline was calculated by the Kaplan-Hakim formula

ISSN: 1475-2840