SGLT2 inhibitors and lower limb complications: an updated meta‐analysis

Table 4 Meta-regression analysis for the associated factors and risk of DF events in patients with SGLT2i treatment

Parameter	β	95% CI	P value	Parameter	β	95% CI	P value
Demographic characteristic
Age (year old)	− 0.089	− 0.192, 0.014	0.087	Sex (male%)	− 0.021	− 0.058, 0.016	0.247
BMI (kg/m²)	− 0.001	− 0.060, 0.058	0.920	Diabetes duration (year)	− 0.027	− 0.187, 0.133	0.732
HbA1c and weight change
HbA1c change (%)	− 1.723	− 3.749, 0.303	0.091	Weight change (kg)*	− 0.476	− 0.836, − 0.116	0.012
HbA1c change difference (%)	1.305	− 1.289, 3.900	0.307	Weight change difference (kg)*	− 0.437	− 0.719, − 0.155	0.004
Hemodynamic indicator
Baseline SBP (mmHg)	0.023	− 0.085, 0.131	0.660	Baseline DBP (mmHg)	0.201	− 0.364, 0.767	0.458
SBP change (mmHg)	− 0.264	− 0.541, − 0.013	0.060	DBP change (mmHg)*	− 0.312	− 0.610, − 0.015	0.041
Hemoglobin change (g/L)	− 0.902	− 2.010, 0.206	0.087	HCT change	0.015	− 1.164, 1.193	0.976
Volume depletion (event%)	− 0.007	− 0.075, 0.061	0.772	−	−	−	−
Renal function profile
Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)	− 0.003	− 0.041, 0.035	0.867	eGFR change (mL/min/1.73m²)	− 0.114	− 0.755, 0.527	0.706
PAD risk factor
Previous PAD (%)	− 0.007	− 0.075, 0.061	0.772	−	−	−	−

*P < 0.05. BMI body mass index, SGLT2i sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, PAD peripheral arterial disease, DF diabetic foot, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HCT hematocrit, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate

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