Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants according to glucose status at baseline
Variable | Overall (n = 8062) | Normoglycemia (n = 1738) | Pre-DM (n = 3372) | DM (n = 2952) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 57.8 ± 10.3 | 54.4 ± 10.8 | 58.4 ± 9.8 | 59.1 ± 10.1 | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 5784 (71.7) | 1331 (76.6) | 2377 (70.5) | 2076 (70.3) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 5074 (62.9) | 972 (55.9) | 2006 (59.5) | 2096 (71.0) | < 0.001 |
Current smokers, n (%) | 3381 (41.9) | 789 (45.4) | 1396 (41.4) | 1196 (40.5) | 0.004 |
Family history of CAD, n (%) | 1135 (14.1) | 267 (15.4) | 472 (14.0) | 396 (13.4) | 0.166 |
Prior PCI, n (%) | 2143 (26.6) | 401 (23.1) | 873 (25.9) | 869 (29.4) | < 0.001 |
Prior CABG, n (%) | 206 (2.6) | 21 (1.2) | 84 (2.5) | 101 (3.4) | < 0.001 |
Prior MI, n (%) | 2243 (27.8) | 488 (28.1) | 934 (27.7) | 821 (27.8) | 0.945 |
Prior stroke, n (%) | 295 (3.7) | 56 (3.2) | 118 (3.5) | 121 (4.1) | 0.252 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.88 ± 3.17 | 25.43 ± 3.12 | 25.70 ± 3.18 | 26.35 ± 3.13 | < 0.001 |
SBP, mmHg | 127 ± 17 | 125 ± 17 | 126 ± 17 | 129 ± 17 | < 0.001 |
DBP, mmHg | 78 ± 11 | 78 ± 11 | 77 ± 11 | 78 ± 11 | 0.013 |
LVEF, % | 64.11 ± 6.86 | 64.39 ± 6.68 | 64.29 ± 6.93 | 63.75 ± 6.87 | 0.001 |
NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 323.7 (59.6–571.0) | 163.0 (46.9-489.7) | 352.6 (64.1-590.3) | 368.0 (67.1-602.6) | < 0.001 |
FPG, mmol/L | 5.86 ± 1.77 | 4.81 ± 0.44 | 5.25 ± 0.63 | 7.18 ± 2.26 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c, % | 6.32 ± 1.10 | 5.37 ± 0.24 | 5.93 ± 0.27 | 7.32 ± 1.21 | < 0.001 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.13 ± 1.16 | 4.06 ± 1.15 | 4.18 ± 1.14 | 4.10 ± 1.18 | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.06 ± 0.29 | 1.06 ± 0.30 | 1.08 ± 0.29 | 1.03 ± 0.28 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.50 ± 1.00 | 2.47 ± 1.06 | 2.54 ± 0.95 | 2.46 ± 1.01 | 0.002 |
TG, mmol/L | 1.49 (1.10–2.08) | 1.40 (1.01–1.98) | 1.49 (1.10–2.03) | 1.56 (1.17–2.20) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, umol/L | 77.79 ± 18.20 | 77.99 ± 15.76 | 77.44 ± 18.37 | 78.08 ± 19.32 | 0.328 |
HsCRP, mg/L | 1.35 (0.74–2.80) | 1.08 (0.64–2.19) | 1.36 (0.74–2.87) | 1.52 (0.83–3.13) | < 0.001 |
Baseline medications | |||||
Aspirin, n (%) | 6053 (75.1) | 1296 (74.6) | 2525 (74.9) | 2232 (75.6) | 0.691 |
Statins, n (%) | 6195 (76.8) | 1317 (75.8) | 2590 (76.8) | 2288 (77.5) | 0.518 |
ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 1728 (21.4) | 315 (18.1) | 708 (21.0) | 705 (23.9) | < 0.001 |
β-blockers, n (%) | 3364 (41.7) | 624 (35.9) | 1447 (42.9) | 1293 (43.8) | < 0.001 |
CCB, n (%) | 1597 (19.8) | 311 (17.9) | 658 (19.5) | 628 (21.3) | 0.070 |
Follow-up medications | |||||
Aspirin, n (%) | 7991 (99.1) | 1722 (99.1) | 3338 (99.0) | 2931 (99.3) | 0.451 |
Statins, n (%) | 7807 (96.8) | 1679 (96.6) | 3274 (97.1) | 2854 (96.7) | 0.531 |
ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 3822 (47.4) | 744 (42.8) | 1528 (45.3) | 1550 (52.5) | < 0.001 |
β-blockers, n (%) | 6275 (77.8) | 1283 (73.8) | 2607 (77.3) | 2385 (80.8) | < 0.001 |
CCB, n(%) | 3119 (38.7) | 603 (34.7) | 1285 (38.1) | 1231 (41.7) | < 0.001 |