Table 3 Kidney outcome trials completed in 2020: comparison of active vs. placebo group

Primary composite outcome

Composite of sustained ≥ 50% eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, and renal or CV death

0.61 (0.51–0.72)

p = 0.0000000028

Primary composite outcome

Composite of onset of kidney failure, sustained ≥ 40% eGFR decline or renal death

0.82 (0.73–0.93)

p = 0.001

Secondary outcome

Sustained ≥ 50% eGFR decline, ESKD or renal death

0.56 (0.45–0.68)

p = 0.0000000018

Secondary outcome

Composite of CV death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, and HHF

0.86 (0.75–0.99)

p = 0.03

Secondary outcome

Chronic dialysis, kidney transplantation, renal death

0.66 (0.49–0.90)

p = 0.0072

Secondary outcome

All-cause mortality

0.90 (0.75–1.07)

Secondary outcome

CV death or HHF

0.71 (0.55–0.92)

p = 0.0089

Secondary outcome

Hospitalisation for any cause

0.95 (0.88–1.02)

Secondary outcome

All-cause mortality

0.69 (0.53–0.88)

p = 0.0035

Kidney event

7.2 vs. 8.7

Hypertension

7.5 vs. 9.6

Diabetic ketoacidosis

0.0 vs. 0.1

Hyperkalaemia

15.8 vs. 7.8

Volume depletion

5.9 vs. 4.2

Hypertension

7.5 vs. 9.6