Table 1 Baseline characteristics in the comparison cohorts
| Â | Unmatched cohorts | Cohorts after coarsened exact matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incident NOAC users (N = 862) | Incident warfarin users (N = 626) | P-value for matching variables | Incident NOAC users (N = 582) | Incident warfarin users (N = 486) | P-value for matching variables | |
Clinical commission group-2, n (%) | 363 (42.1) | 287 (45.9) | 0.152 | 234 (44.3) | 243 (50.0) | 0.070 |
Age, years | 75.8 (10.2) | 73.3 (9.6) | < 0.0001 | 75.4 (10.2) | 74.2 (9.1) | 0.066 |
Male Gender, n (%) | 515 (59.7) | 384 (61.3) | 0.534 | 350 (66.3) | 305 (62.8) | 0.240 |
Duration of diabetes, years | 5.5 (4.6) | 6.4 (5.3) | 0.001 | 6.1 (5.2) | 5.2 (4.5) | 0.004 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 31.9 (6.7) | 32.5 (6.9) | 0.090 | 31.9 (6.6) | 32.1 (6.8) | 0.647 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 133 (13) | 132 (13) | 0.447 | 132 (13.1) | 132 (12.4) | 0.936 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.2 (1.1) | 4.2 (1.0) | 0.825 | 4.1 (1.0) | 4.2 (1.0) | 0.329 |
HbA1c, mmol/mol/% | 54.7 (14.7) /7.2 (3.5) | 58.0 (15.4)/7.5 (3.6) | 0.702 | 57.3 (14.3)/7.4 (3.5) | 56.8 (14.5)/7.3 (3.5) | 0.606 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73m2 | 85 (82 to 90) | 83 (78 to 90) | 0.125 | 86 (83 to 90) | 84 (79 to 90) | 0.325 |
No of prior CVD or bleeding comorbiditiesa | ||||||
 0 | 28 (3.3) | 45 (7.2) | < 0.0001 | 19 (3.6) | 34 (7.0) | 0.824 |
 1 | 135 (15.7) | 102 (16.3) | 92 (17.4) | 79 (16.3) | ||
 2 | 235 (27.3) | 190 (30.4) | 153 (29.0) | 153 (31.5) | ||
 3 | 237 (27.5) | 146 (23.3) | 150 (28.4) | 131 (27.0) | ||
 4 | 140 (16.2) | 91 (14.5) | 100 (18.9) | 75 (15.4) | ||
 5 | 64 (7.4) | 35 (15.6) | 11 (2.1) | 6 (1.2) | ||
 6 | 19 (2.2) | 14 (2.2) | 3 (0.6) | 7 (1.4) | ||
 7 | 3 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | ||
 8 | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
No of prescriptions potentially correlating with bleeding/CVDb | ||||||
 0 | 119 (13.8) | 87 (13.9) | 0.097 | 75 (14.2) | 68 (14.0) | 0.535 |
 1 | 189 (21.9) | 176 (28.1) | 135 (25.6) | 149 (30.7) | ||
 2 | 163 (18.9) | 132 (21.1) | 103 (19.5) | 108 (22.2) | ||
 3 | 197 (22.9) | 131 (20.9) | 118 (22.4) | 103 (21.2) | ||
 4 | 148 (17.2) | 78 (12.5) | 88 (16.7) | 52 (10.7) | ||
 5 | 45 (5.2) | 21 (3.4) | 9 (1.7) | 5 (1.0) | ||
 6 | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | ||
No of anti-diabetes agents/insulinc | ||||||
 Diet | 300 (34.8) | 197 (31.5) | 0.468 | 195 (36.9) | 168 (34.6) | 0.183 |
 1 | 313 (36.3) | 246 (29.3) | 198 (37.5) | 207 (42.6) | ||
 2 | 164 (19.0) | 114 (18.2) | 101 (19.1) | 89 (18.3) | ||
 3 | 73 (8.5) | 56 (9.0) | 29 (5.5) | 17 (3.5) | ||
 4 | 12 (1.4) | 12 (1.9) | 5 (1.0) | 5 (1.0) | ||
 5 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
No of anti-hypertensive agentsd | ||||||
 0 | 107 (12.4) | 96 (15.3) | 0.086 | 60 (11.4) | 71 (14.6) | 0.078 |
 1 | 199 (23.1) | 112 (17.9) | 130 (24.6) | 89 (18.3) | ||
 2 | 248 (28.8) | 201 (32.1) | 154 (29.2) | 164 (33.7) | ||
 3 | 219 (25.4) | 163 (26.0) | 126 (23.9) | 120 (24.7) | ||
 4 | 75 (8.7) | 47 (7.5) | 50 (9.5) | 36 (7.4) | ||
 5 | 14 (1.6) | 7 (1.1) | 8 (1.5) | 6 (1.2) | ||