Characterization of left ventricular myocardial sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 expression in patients with end-stage heart failure

Table 2 Results of statistical analyses correcting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)

A: Analysis of covariance (correcting for age, sex, and body mass index)
	Model summary		Control	HCM	DCM	IHD	IHD-T2DM
SGLT1 expression	P = 0.024	EM mean (± SEM)	0.355 ± 0.267	0.926 ± 0.339	1.654 ± 0.234	1.332 ± 0.235	1.391 ± 0.258
		P value (vs. Control)	–	0.920	0.020	0.040	0.056
GLUT1 expression	P = 0.035	EM mean (± SEM)	0.526 ± 0.091	0.402 ± 0.120	0.630 ± 0.081	0.754 ± 0.089	0.801 ± 0.077
		P value (vs. Control)	–	1.000	1.000	0.224	0.116
GLUT4 expression	P = 0.544	EM mean (± SEM)	0.755 ± 0.108	0.818 ± 0.114	0.950 ± 0.105	0.789 ± 0.071	0.896 ± 0.073
		P value (vs. Control)	–	1.000	0.840	1.000	1.000

B: Partial correlation analysis (correcting for age, sex, and body mass index)
	Partial correlation coefficient (BCa 95% CI)	P value
LVEDD–SGLT1	0.476 [0.182, 0.700]	0.002
EF–SGLT1	− 0.542 [− 0.755, − 0.233]	< 0.001
LVEDD–GLUT1	− 0.036 [− 0.365, 0.301]	0.819
EF–GLUT1	− 0.147 [− 0.455, 0.165]	0.331
LVEDD–GLUT4	0.204 [− 0.138, 0.503]	0.195
EF–GLUT4	− 0.141 [− 0.411, 0.134]	0.350
SGLT1–GLUT1	− 0.060 [− 0.311, 0.226]	0.693
SGLT1–GLUT4	0.324 [− 0.011, 0.604]	0.030
GLUT1–GLUT4	0.254 [0.004, 0.503]	0.085

A: Results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA): left ventricular (LV) relative mRNA expressions of the three major glucose transporters are corrected for age, sex, and BMI according to study subgroups. The related P values are reported as model summary. Estimated marginal (EM) means are provided. To test intergroup differences, we report P values associated with bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on n = 1000 bootstrap samples, that are adjusted for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction
B: Results of partial correlation analysis on ranked scores: partial correlation coefficients (r) of LV relative mRNA expression of the three major glucose transporters and echocardiographic parameters are corrected for age, sex, and BMI. For all partial correlation coefficients, bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported based on n = 1000 bootstrap samples
HCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, DCM dilated cardiomyopathy, IHD ischemic heart disease, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, SGLT1 sodium-glucose cotransporter-1, GLUT1/4 facilitated glucose transporter 1/4, EM mean estimated marginal mean, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, EF left ventricular ejection fraction, BCa 95% CI bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval

ISSN: 1475-2840