Table 2 Patient baseline characteristics according to their number of cardiometabolic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia)

Age ≥ 70 years, n (%)

16 (16.0)

39 (40.6)

52 (64.2)

 < 0.001

Male sex, n (%)

62 (62.0)

58 (60.4)

50 (61.7)

0.97

Body mass index (kg/m²)

25.4 [23.4–27.8]*

26.2 [24.6–28.7]**

27.2 [24.9–29.4]***

0.12

Smoking

^

^^

^^^

 Never, n (%)

73 (82.95)

66 (77.65)

53 (75.71)

0.57

 Ever, n (%)

15 (17.05)

19 (22.35)

17 (24.29)

   Ex, n (%)

11 (12.5)

14 (16.47)

15 (21.43)

0.50^#

   Current, n (%)

4 (4.55)

5 (5.88)

2 (2.86)

Prior CV event, n (%)

3 (3.0)

8 (8.33)

19 (23.75)

 < 0.001

Prior heart failure, n (%)

3 (3.0)

5 (5.21)

11 (14.86)

0.007

Prior malignancy, n (%)

4 (4.0)

5 (5.21)

7 (8.97)

0.35

Prior COPD, n (%)

7 (7.0)

12 (12.5)

20 (25.0)

0.002

Plasma glucose (mg/dL)

100 [90–114]

112 [96–136]

119 [100–159.5]

 < 0.001

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.8 [0.7–1]

0.88 [0.7–1.04]

1.02 [0.74–1.50]

0.010

ESR (mm/hr)

44.5 [36–55]

24 [22–54]

78 [41–93]

0.10

CRP (mg/L)

2.29 [0.72–4.83]

3.18 [0.99–9.64]

4.58 [1.68–9.43]

0.043

Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)

268 [216–318]

273 [211–370]

287 [223–382]

0.39

Fibrinogen (mg/dL)

501.5 [404–800]

464 [361–707]

538 [417–738]

0.46

D-dimer (mg/L)

416 [0.89–761.5]

464 [13.2–1250]

446 [2.2–1410]

0.23

White blood cell count (× 10⁹/L)

5.95 [4–8.48]

6.09 [5.09–8.84]

6.47 [4.64–8.21]

0.62

Lymphocyte count (× 10⁹/L)

1.11 [0.73–1.69]

1.07 [0.68–1.66]

1.08 [0.78–1.58]

0.81

Neutrophil count (× 10⁹/L)

3.97 [2.60–5.75]

4.44 [3.14–6.52]

4.33 [2.80.6.77]

0.34

Blood gas analysis

 pH

7.46 [7.43–7.49]

7.46 [7.42–7.49]

7.45 [7.42–7.49]

0.70

 PaO₂/FIO₂ ratio

381 [319–462]

350 [269–419]

319 [240–398]

0.002

 pCO₂, mmHg

34 [31–37]

35 [32–39]

35.2 [31–38]

0.90

 HCO₃, mmol/l

24.2 [22.5–25.9]

24.7` [22.4–26.0]

24.0 [21.6–27.1]

0.33

 Venous lactate, mmol/l

1.1 [0.8–1.6]

1.4 [0.9–6]

1.6 [1.1–7]

 < 0.001