Fig. 1

Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of CVD. a Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of CVD. b Associations between abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of CCA plaque. Logistic regression analyses were used for the association of abdominal obesity indices with the prevalence of CVD and CCA plaque. The model was adjusted for age, education, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, LDL and systolic blood pressure. CVD cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, CCA common carotid artery, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, NC neck circumference, VAI visceral adiposity index, LAP the lipid accumulation product, WC waist circumference, CVAI Chinese visceral adiposity index, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, LDL low-density lipoprotein