Table 1 Pretreatment demographic and clinical characteristics of study subjects included in final analysis

Total n

10

10

–

Gender

0.582^b

 Male

9

7

–

 Female

1

3

–

Insulin therapy (n)

0.370^b

 Multiple daily injection

7

4

–

Basal insulin

4^G; 2^D; 1^DG

1^D; 1^DG; 1^G; 1^I

Bolus insulin

5^A; 2^L

3^A; 1^GL

 Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

3^A

3^A; 3^L

–

Total daily insulin dose (IU)

41.3 ± 7.7

40.1 ± 9.5

0.776^a

Medication

1 Atorvastatin 1 Lisinopril

1 Atorvastatin, Metformin, and Nefopam

1 Levothyroxine

1 Lisinopril and Pravastatin

1.000^b

Age (y)

32 ± 12

36 ± 17

0.524^a

Body mass index (kg/m²)

25.13 ± 3.43

28.14 ± 6.38

0.205^a

Duration of diabetes (y)

15 ± 13

21 ± 12

0.284^a

Age of diagnosis (y)

17 ± 8

16 ± 8

0.590^a

Glycosylated haemoglobin (% [mmol/mol])

7.10 ± 3.20 [54.20 ± 11.95]

7.90 ± 3.40 [62.89 ± 13.81]

0.160^a

Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)

127.3 ± 10.6

132.9 ± 11.7

0.275^a

Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)

78.0 ± 10.6

76.8 ± 6.2

0.751^a

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

0.94 ± 0.58

1.04 ± 0.62

0.726^a

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.25 ± 0.88

4.09 ± 0.45

0.637^a

Omega-3 index (%)

4.93 ± 0.94

4.31 ± 1.15

0.206^a