Lipoprotein (a) predicts recurrent worse outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with prior cardiovascular events: a prospective, observational cohort study

Table 3 Relation of Lp(a) levels with composite and separate recurrent CVEs in patients with T2DM

Endpoints	Recurrent CVEs/Total	Crude model		Adjusted model
Endpoints	Recurrent CVEs/Total	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
Composite recurrent CVEs	153/2284
Lp(a) per-SD increase		1.007 (1.002–1.013)	0.007	1.008 (1.002–1.014)	0.006
Lp(a) < 10	37/846	Reference		Reference
10 ≤ Lp(a) < 30	59/769	1.736 (1.151–2.619)	0.009	1.720 (1.099–2.692)	0.018
Lp(a) ≥ 30	57/669	1.960 (1.296–2.965)	0.001	2.049 (1.308–3.212)	0.002
Non-fatal MI	30/2284
Lp(a) per-SD increase		1.012 (1.001–1.023)	0.039	1.012 (1.000–1.024)	0.050
Lp(a) < 10	7/846	Reference		Reference
10 ≤ Lp(a) < 30	8/769	1.259 (0.457–3.472)	0.656	1.539 (0.529–4.474)	0.428
Lp(a) ≥ 30	15/669	2.737 (1.116–6.714)	0.028	3.016 (1.144–7.949)	0.026
Stroke	55/2284
Lp(a) per-SD increase		1.002 (0.992–1.011)	0.761	1.001 (0.990–1.012)	0.815
Lp(a) < 10	17/846	Reference		Reference
10 ≤ Lp(a) < 30	22/769	1.408 (0.748–2.651)	0.289	1.355 (0.674–2.724)	0.394
Lp(a) ≥ 30	16/669	1.199 (0.606–2.372)	0.603	1.118 (0.518–2.413)	0.777
CVD deaths	68/2284
Lp(a) per-SD increase		1.009 (1.002–1.017)	0.019	1.011 (1.003–1.020)	0.011
Lp(a) < 10	13/846	Reference		Reference
10 ≤ Lp(a) < 30	29/769	2.419 (1.257–4.652)	0.008	2.242 (1.108–4.535)	0.025
Lp(a) ≥ 30	26/669	2.539 (1.305–4.942)	0.006	2.708 (1.340–5.475)	0.006

The adjusted model including age, sex, body mass index, current smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history of coronary artery disease, diseased vessels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, statin and anti-diabetes drugs use
CVEs cardiovascular events, MI myocardial infarction, CVD cardiovascular disease

ISSN: 1475-2840