Fig. 4

Forest plot of HR of effectiveness, major lower limb outcomes, and safety outcomes for each NOAC vs. warfarin among non-valvular AF patients with concomitant DM taking oral anticoagulants after PSSW. In general, the advantage of effectiveness, major adverse limb outcome, and safety for NOAC over warfarin persisted in four NOACs (P interaction all > 0.05). The abbreviations as in Fig. 3