Table 1 General characteristics of study subjects according to sleep disturbance

Total

36,058

870

2.4

35,188

97.6

Women

14,030

404

46.4

13,626

38.7

< .001

Age (years)

< .001

 40–64

27,009

492

56.6

26,517

75.4

 65≤

9049

378

43.4

8671

24.6

BMI (kg/m²)

< .001

  ≤ 18.5

614

23

2.6

591

1.7

 18.5–23

8985

253

29.1

8732

24.8

 23–25

8678

184

21.1

8494

24.1

 25–30

12,658

246

28.3

12,412

35.3

 ≥ 30

1511

33

3.8

1478

4.2

BP (mmHg)

 Systolic

131.1 ± 17.5

128.9

17.3

131.1

17.5

< .001

 Diastolic

81.4 ± 11.2

79.8

11.1

81.5

11.2

< .001

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

117.8 ± 43.2

114.2

48.9

117.8

43.1

0.044

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

203.1 ± 39.7

201.8

40.8

203.2

39.7

0.360

Family history of diabetes

2218

50

5.7

2168

6.2

0.897

Current smoking

8000

144

16.6

7856

22.3

0.002

Heavy alcohol drinking

2034

36

4.1

1998

5.7

0.113

Physical activity

14,825

288

33.1

14,537

41.3

< .001

Income level

0.020

 Low

11,597

296

34.0

11,301

32.1

 Middle

13,641

290

33.3

13,351

37.9

 High

10,820

284

32.6

10,536

29.9

Area of residence

0.341

 Metropolitan

5547

129

14.8

5418

15.4

 Urban

9776

220

25.3

9556

27.2

 Rural

20,735

521

59.9

20,214

57.4

Comorbidities

 Hypertension

14,877

493

56.7

14,384

40.9

< .001

 Dyslipidemia

9726

445

51.1

9281

26.4

< .001

 CKD

177

8

0.9

169

0.5

0.067

 Depression

2776

242

27.8

2534

7.2

< .001

 COPD

2488

132

15.2

2356

6.7

< .001

 Cancer

2671

148

17.0

2523

7.2

< .001