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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included T2DM patients

From: Waist circumference is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in male but not female patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

 

Total

Men

Women

n

10,251

6299

3952

WC (cm; mean ± SD)

107 ± 13.6

108 ± 13.3

104 ± 13.8

WC quartiles

   

 1

90 ± 6.2

92 ± 5.2

86 ± 6

 2

102 ± 3.3

103 ± 2.5

99 ± 2.8

 3

111 ± 3.3

112 ± 2.8

109 ± 2.9

 4

124 ± 6.9

126 ± 7.0

122 ± 6

Central adiposity (%)a

7534 (73.5)

4081 (64.8)

3453 (87.3)

BMI (kg/m2; mean ± SD)

 

31.6 ± 5.05

33.2 ± 5.78

Age (year; mean ± SD)

62.8 ± 6.65

63.0 ± 6.81

62.6 ± 6.38

Race (%)

 

 White

6393 (62.4)

4234 (67.2)

2159 (54.6)

 Non-white

3858 (37.6)

2065 (32.8)

1793 (45.4)

Median duration of diabetes (year; mean ± SD)

10.8 ± 7.6

10.8 ± 7.60

10.8 ± 7.6

Hypertension (%)

7726 (75.4)

4630 (73.5)

3096 (78.3)

Hyperlipidemia (%)

7165 (69.9)

4452 (70.7)

2713 (68.6)

Previous cardiovascular events

3609 (35.2)

2586 (41.1)

1023 (25.9)

Current smoker (%)

1429 (13.9)

961 (15.3)

468 (11.8)

Previous heart failure (%)

494 (4.80)

309 (4.90)

185 (4.70)

Proteinuria (%)

2035 (19.9)

1286 (20.4)

749 (19.0)

Depression (%)

2421 (23.6)

1261 (20)

1160 (29.4)

Heart rate (bpm)

72.7 ± 11.8

71.8 ± 11.9

74.1 ± 11.3

SBP (mmHg, mean ± SD)

136 ± 17.1

135.6 ± 16.6

137.5 ± 17.9

DBP (mmHg, mean ± SD)

74.9 ± 10.7

74.6 ± 10.7

75.3 ± 10.6

Glycated hemoglobin (%, mean ± SD)

8.30 ± 1.06

8.27 ± 1.04

8.34 ± 1.07

GFR (mL/min, mean ± SD)

91.0 ± 27.2

90.9 ± 22.9

91.2 ± 32.8

FPG (mg/dL, mean ± SD)

175 ± 56.2

176 ± 57.0

174 ± 54.8

Cholesterol (mg/dL, mean ± SD)

 

 Total

183 ± 41.9

177 ± 40.1

194 ± 42.4

 Low-density lipoprotein

104 ± 33.9

101 ± 32.4

111 ± 35.3

 High-density lipoprotein

41.9 ± 11.6

38.6 ± 9.65

47.1 ± 12.6

Medications (%)

 

 Insulin

1143 (11.2)

672 (10.7)

471 (11.9)

 Metformin

6554 (63.9)

4099 (65.1)

2455 (62.1)

 Sulfonylurea

5474 (53.4)

3518 (50.5)

1956 (49.5)

 Thiazolidinedione

2258 (22.0)

1411 (22.4)

847 (21.4)

 Beta-blockers

3079 (30.1)

2009 (32.0)

1070 (27.1)

 ACEI

5568 (54.5)

3608 (57.4)

1960 (49.7)

 Statin

6500 (63.7)

4185 (66.0)

2315 (58.9)

 Aspirin

5579 (54.7)

3639 (58.0)

1940 (49.4)

  1. WC waist circumference, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, GFR glomerular filtration rate, FPG fasting plasma glucose, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
  2. aCentral adiposity was defined as a WC of ≥ 102 cm in men and ≥ 88 cm in women
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840