Relationships of coronary culprit-plaque characteristics with duration of diabetes mellitus in acute myocardial infarction: an intravascular optical coherence tomography study

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population

Variable	Non-DM (n = 184)	Short-DM (n = 64)	Long-DM (n = 31)	P value	P_{Non vs. Short}	P_{Short vs. Long}	P_{Non vs. Long}
Age, years	57.5 ± 11.6	55.2 ± 11.5	61.0 ± 10.5	0.063
BMI, kg/m²	25.8 ± 4.0	27.1 ± 3.4	26.1 ± 2.8	0.072
Men	152 (82.6)	50 (78.1)	27 (87.1)	0.586
Smoking	127 (69.0)	43 (67.2)	24 (77.4)	0.623
Medical history
Hypertension	102 (55.4)	41 (64.1)	20 (64.5)	0.378
Dyslipidemia	168 (91.3)	56 (87.5)	29 (93.5)	0.630
Prior PCI	12 (6.5)	5 (7.8)	4 (12.9)	0.388
Laboratory findings
White blood cell count, × 10⁶/L	10.6 ± 3.2	10.9 ± 3.2	10.0 ± 2.7	0.624
Hs-CRP, mg/L	5.3 (2.4, 10.9)	6.6 (2.9, 10.3)	4.0 (2.6, 10.6)	0.840
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²	97.3 (77.7, 114.3)	99.9 (88.2, 119.1)	93.2 (77.8, 107.3)	0.119
HbA1c, %	5.7 (5.5, 5.9)	7.6 (6.8, 8.9)	8.4 (7.7, 9.8)	< 0.001*	< 0.001*	0.001*	< 0.001*
TC, mg/dL	164.0 (139.2, 195.2)	172.1 (155.8, 203.2)	175.9 (130.7, 205.0)	0.172
TG, mg/dL	114.7 (73.7, 167.8)	154.5 (104, 215.8)	144.3 (90.3, 206.3)	0.001*	0.006*	0.996	0.046
LDL-C, mg/dL	104 (82.6, 127.5)	114.5 (95.3, 133.0)	103.6 (78.9,128.4)	0.279
HDL-C, mg/dL	41.4 (35.6, 48.3)	39.3 (35.3, 45.7)	39.8 (34.8, 47.6)	0.417
Lipoprotein (a), mg/L	179.8 (84.5, 393)	107.5 (49,311.4)	149.0 (87.1, 315.0)	0.825
LVEF, %	54.7 ± 6.5	56.6 ± 5.2	53.9 ± 5.4	0.062
Prior medications
Aspirin	64 (34.8)	29 (45.3)	12 (38.7)	0.310
P2Y12 inhibitor	43 (23.4)	17 (26.6)	11 (35.5)	0.323
Statin	34 (18.5)	8 (12.5)	5 (16.1)	0.592
DM control
Insulin		5 (7.8)	11 (35.5)
Oral hypoglycemic agents		40 (62.5)	18 (58.1)
Diet only		19 (29.7)	2 (6.5)

Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (25th, 75th percentile). Categorical data are presented as number (%)
BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Long-DM patients with a long duration of diabetes, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, Non-DM patients without diabetes, Short-DM patients with a short duration of diabetes, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride
* P < 0.05

ISSN: 1475-2840