Table 1 Clinical characteristics of propensity-matched cohorts at time of matching
Placebo comparison | Exenatide comparison | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Placebo, No SGLT2i | Exenatide QW + SGLT2i | Exenatide, No SGLT2i | Exenatide QW + SGLT2i | |
Participants, n | 572 | 572 | 575 | 575 |
Sex, male | 380 (66%) | 391 (68%) | 399 (69%) | 395 (69%) |
Age, years | 62 (10) | 62 (9) | 63 (10) | 62 (9) |
Race | ||||
White | 486 (85%) | 487 (85%) | 495 (86%) | 488 (85%) |
Black | 14 (2.4%) | 20 (3.5%) | 24 (4.2%) | 22 (3.8%) |
Asian | 52 (9.1%) | 50 (8.7%) | 44 (7.7%) | 50 (8.7%) |
Other/unknown | 20 (3.5%) | 15 (2.6%) | 12 (2.1%) | 15 (2.6%) |
Region | ||||
North America | 213 (37%) | 212 (37%) | 210 (37%) | 215 (38%) |
Latin America | 27 (4.7%) | 27 (4.7%) | 25 (4.3%) | 26 (4.5%) |
Asia Pacific | 53 (9.3%) | 54 (9.4%) | 50 (8.7%) | 54 (9.4%) |
Western Europe | 200 (35%) | 182 (32%) | 190 (33%) | 186 (32%) |
Eastern Europe | 79 (14%) | 97 (17%) | 100 (17%) | 94 (16%) |
Ethnicity, Hispanic | 47 (8.2%) | 33 (5.8%) | 32 (5.6%) | 33 (5.7%) |
Duration of diabetes, years | 16 (8) | 16 (8) | 17 (9) | 16 (8) |
History of CVD (CAD, PAD, or stroke) | 377 (66%) | 379 (66%) | 395 (69%) | 378 (66%) |
History of heart failure | 64 (11%) | 62 (11%) | 65 (11%) | 63 (11%) |
History of retinopathy | 99 (17%) | 108 (19%) | 108 (19%) | 109 (19%) |
History of micro- or macro-albuminuria | 172 (30%) | 159 (28%) | 164 (29%) | 160 (28%) |
Microalbuminuria | 147 (26%) | 139 (24%) | 134 (23%) | 140 (24%) |
Macroalbuminuria | 31 (5.4%) | 28 (4.9%) | 34 (5.9%) | 28 (4.9%) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 133.6 (16.2) | 133.4 (15.4) | 133.1 (15.7) | 133.4 (15.5) |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 76.6 (10.4) | 77.5 (10.0) | 77.3 (10.1) | 77.5 (10.0) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 33.9 (6.9) | 34.1 (6.3) | 34.1 (6.5) | 34.1 (6.3) |
HbA1c, % | 8.3 (1.5) | 8.2 (1.2) | 8.2 (1.6) | 8.2 (1.2) |
Cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.2 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.2) |
LDL, mmol/L | 2.3 (1.0) | 2.2 (1.0) | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.2 (1.0) |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) |
UACR (median, IQR), g/mol | 2.2 [0.9,6.6] | 1.4 [0.5,4.4] | 1.9 [0.6,5.0] | 1.4 [0.5,4.2] |
Hemoglobin, g/L | 137.3 (15.6) | 140.2 (16.3) | 137.0 (15.4) | 140.1 (16.4) |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 79.7 (26.4) | 81.1 (22.0) | 79.6 (25.8) | 81.1 (22.2) |
eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 130 (23%) | 93 (16%) | 132 (23%) | 94 (16%) |
eGFR<45 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 46 (8.0%) | 18 (3.1%) | 42 (7.3%) | 19 (3.3%) |
Smoking | ||||
Never | 83 (15%) | 77 (13%) | 67 (12%) | 75 (13%) |
Past | 234 (41%) | 231 (40%) | 258 (45%) | 235 (41%) |
Current | 255 (45%) | 264 (46%) | 250 (43%) | 265 (46%) |
Classes of diabetes medications (n)a | 1.6 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.9) |
RAASi | 458 (80%) | 461 (81%) | 471 (82%) | 463 (81%) |
Other antihypertensives | 325 (57%) | 353 (62%) | 336 (58%) | 353 (61%) |
Statins | 434 (76%) | 460 (80%) | 433 (75%) | 462 (80%) |
Diuretics | 247 (43%) | 240 (42%) | 266 (46%) | 238 (41%) |
Insulin | 312 (55%) | 324 (57%) | 321 (56%) | 323 (56%) |
Metformin | 472 (83%) | 482 (84%) | 480 (83%) | 481 (84%) |
TZD | 22 (3.8%) | 29 (5.1%) | 31 (5.4%) | 32 (5.6%) |
DPP-4i | 192 (34%) | 176 (31%) | 186 (32%) | 172 (30%) |
Sulfonylureas | 215 (38%) | 190 (33%) | 182 (32%) | 189 (33%) |