Fig. 3

Impaired insulin signaling and activation of mTOR pathway in the hearts of patients with DCM. Schematic drawing of mTOR activation and insulin signaling under normal condition (a) and representative blots for proteins in the signaling pathway (b). Densitometry analysis of mTOR ^(Ser2448) (c) and P-p70S6K^(thr389) (d), P-IRS1^(Ser636/639) (e), P-AKT^(Ser473) (f) and P-GSK3ß^(Ser9) (g), normalized to its total protein, (n = 6/group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data were analysed by t-test. *p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant