Table 1 Effect of empagliflozin on metabolic parameters
Parameter | Baseline | EMPA | Placebo | EMPA vs baseline | Placebo vs baseline | Verum vs placebo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HbA1c (%) | 6.69 ± 0.82 | 6.64 ± 0.76 | 6.89 ± 1.03 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 50 ± 9.0 | 49 ± 8.3 | 52 ± 11.3 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 136.5 ± 31.4 | 115.1 ± 19.7 | 139.2 ± 40.7 | < 0.001 | 0.384 | < 0.001 |
Body weight (kg) | 87.7 ± 12.9 | 86.6 ± 12.6 | 87.6 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 | 0.858 | < 0.001 |
Systolic OBP (mmHg) | 128 ± 13.4 | 122 ± 11.4 | 128 ± 12.7 | < 0.001 | 0.878 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic OBP (mmHg) | 77.7 ± 7.2 | 75 ± 6.7 | 78 ± 7.9 | < 0.001 | 0.999 | 0.002 |
Systolic 24-h ABP (mmHg) | 129 ± 10.4 | 127 ± 9.8 | 129 ± 9.7 | 0.053 | 0.868 | 0.021 |
Diastolic 24-h ABP (mmHg) | 79.2 ± 6.3 | 77.7 ± 6.9 | 80 ± 7.0 | 0.041 | 0.624 | 0.007 |
Central systolic BP (mmHg) | 120.3 ± 12.8 | 113.6 ± 12.1 | 118.6 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 | 0.237 | < 0.001 |
Central PP (mmHg) | 43.3 ± 11.5 | 39.1 ± 10.2 | 41.9 ± 10.7 | < 0.001 | 0.248 | 0.027 |
FWA (mmHg) | 28.9 ± 6.24 | 27.0 ± 5.64 | 28.7 ± 6.23 | 0.002 | 0.553 | 0.031 |
BWA (mmHg) | 21.2 ± 6.48 | 18.9 ± 5.98 | 20.4 ± 6.01 | < 0.001 | 0.248 | 0.045 |
Copeptin (pmol/l) | 5.65 ± 4.12 | 6.81 ± 4.13 | 5.06 ± 2.83 | 0.001 | 0.211 | < 0.001 |
Hematocrit (%) | 41.5 ± 2.78 | 43.0 ± 2.75 | 42.2 ± 2.73 | < 0.001 | 0.032 | 0.004 |
HR (bpm) | 72.5 ± 9.17 | 71.8 ± 9.18 | 72.2 ± 10.3 | 0.439 | 0.787 | 0.577 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 178.1 ± 35.3 | 182.5 ± 39.0 | 180.3 ± 36.9 | 0.077 | 0.325 | 0.413 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 88.0 ± 24.2 | 92.9 ± 27.4 | 91.2 ± 24.3 | 0.016 | 0.061 | 0.425 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52.2 ± 11.3 | 54.5 ± 12.9 | 53.4 ± 11.8 | < 0.002 | 0.086 | 0.219 |
Uric acid (mg/dl) | 6.05 ± 1.26 | 4.85 ± 1.27 | 5.89 ± 1.23 | < 0.001 | 0.061 | < 0.001 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 92.7 ± 6.98 | 91.2 ± 7.42 | 92.5 ± 7.01 | < 0.001 | 0.535 | < 0.001 |
hsCRP (mg/l) | 2.10 ± 1.72 | 1.99 ± 1.19 | 1.88 ± 1.32 | 0.583 | 0.283 | 0.458 |