Association between abdominal adiposity and subclinical measures of left-ventricular remodeling in diabetics, prediabetics and normal controls without history of cardiovascular disease as measured by magnetic resonance imaging: results from the KORA-FF4 Study

Table 5 Sensitivity-Analysis of the Multivariate Association Models

	LVM		LVCI		LVEDV		LVSV
	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p
Initial analysis (= Table 2): separate, fully^a adjusted models as in the main analysis
VAT	–		0.11 (0.07; 0.15)	< 0.001	− 6.70 (− 8.84; − 4.55)	< 0.001	− 3.91 (− 5.32; − 2.50)	< 0.001
SAT	–		–		–		− 1.75 (− 3.66; 0.16)	0.07
PDFF_hepatic	–		0.06 (0.02; 0.09)	0.001	− 3.23 (− 5.03; − 1.44)	< 0.001	− 2.20 (− 3.37; − 1.04)	< 0.001
Sensitivity analysis 1: separate, fully^b adjusted models with a fixed set of typical cardiovascular risk factors
VAT	–		0.13 (0.09; 0.16)	< 0.001	− 7.04 (− 9.12; − 4.97)	< 0.001	− 4.38 (− 5.76; − 3.01)	< 0.001
SAT	–		–		–		− 1.66 (− 3.62; 0.29)	0.10
PDFF_hepatic	–		0.07 (0.03; 0.10)	< 0.001	− 3.54 (− 5.35; − 1.74)	< 0.001	− 2.47 (− 3.66; − 1.29)	< 0.001
Sensitivity analysis 2: separate, fully^c adjusted models with a fixed set of typical cardiovascular risk factors and a replacement of the definition of hypertension
VAT	–		0.12 (0.08; 0.15)	< 0.001	− 6.79 (− 8.88; − 4.7)	< 0.001	− 4.22 (− 5.59; − 2.85)	< 0.001
SAT	–		–		–		− 1.49 (− 3.41; 0.43)	0.13
PDFF_hepatic	–		0.06 (0.02; 0.09)	0.001	− 3.30 (− 5.13; − 1.48)	< 0.001	− 2.32 (− 3.51; − 1.14)	< 0.001

The main multivariate analysis included potential confounders, selection was based on univariate analysis as detailed in Appendix Table 4 (^a the model included age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, triglycerides, HDL (for all LV parameters), additionally LDL (for LVCI, LVEDV, and LVSV) and lipid lowering medication (for LVM, and LVCI)). In the sensitivity analysis, a model with fixed set of typical cardiovascular risk factors as potential confounders were conducted (^b the model included age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, smoking). Further, the definition of hypertension was replaced by continuous measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and presence if antihypertensive medication (^c the fully adjusted model included age, sex, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, diabetes, smoking)

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