Table 1 Demographic characteristics of European American and African American participants with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes Heart Study and African American Diabetes-Heart Study cohorts with non-zero coronary artery calcification burden and complete covariate data for analysis models
Trait | European Americans (n = 902) | African Americans (n = 552) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) or % | Median (range) | n | Mean (SD) or % | Median (range) | N | |
Age (years) | 62.8 (9) | 63.3 (34.2, 86) | 902 | 57.4 (9.3) | 57.5 (35, 86) | 552 |
Female sex (%) | 50.4 | Â | 902 | 59.8 | Â | 552 |
Current smoking (%) | 16.5 | Â | 902 | 23.9 | Â | 552 |
Past smoking (%) | 43.6 | Â | 902 | 36.8 | Â | 552 |
History of myocardial infarction (%) | 22.4 | Â | 894 | 11.9 | Â | 547 |
History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 44.7 | Â | 894 | 35.7 | Â | 526 |
Incident all-cause mortality (%) | 31.7 | Â | 902 | 16.9 | Â | 552 |
Incident cardiovascular disease mortality (%) | 14.9 | Â | 887 | 7.7 | Â | 544 |
Follow-up time (years) | 9.5 (3.1) | 10.2 (0.3, 15.6) | 902 | 6 (3) | 5.2 (0.3, 16) | 552 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 32.3 (6.5) | 31.3 (17.1, 58) | 902 | 35.3 (8.2) | 34 (17.1, 77.5) | 552 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 148.2 (56.2) | 135.5 (16, 463) | 900 | 149.6 (65.3) | 134 (32, 524) | 552 |
Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 7.5 (1.6) | 7.2 (4.6, 16.6) | 896 | 8.2 (2.1) | 7.7 (4.4, 21.8) | 543 |
Glycated hemoglobin (mmol/mol) | 59 (17.7) | 55.2 (26.8, 157.9) | 896 | 66.2 (23.2) | 60.7 (24.6, 214.8) | 543 |
Diabetes duration (years) | 10.6 (7.2) | 8 (0, 46) | 888 | 10.7 (7.9) | 8.5 (0, 52) | 552 |
CAC mass score (mg, 90 HU) | 1960 (3414) | 562 (0.5, 50,415) | 889 | 1028 (2025) | 161 (1, 15,527) | 552 |
CAC volume score (mm3, 90 HU) | 899 (1328) | 361 (1, 15,569) | 902 | 432 (784) | 90 (1, 6103) | 552 |
CAC Agatston score (90 HU) | 1031 (1640) | 365 (0.5, 20,563) | 901 | 497 (956) | 82 (0.5, 7502) | 551 |
CAC Agatston score (130 HU) | 828 (1277) | 331 (0.5, 16,287) | 816 | 446 (772) | 110 (0.5, 5693) | 446 |
CAC density (mg/mm3, 90 HU) | 1.71 (0.76) | 1.74 (0.02, 4.46) | 889 | 1.8 (0.65) | 1.75 (0.9, 5.39) | 552 |
Alternate CAC density (Agatston score/area, Hounsfield unit category units, 90 HU) | 2.25 (0.83) | 2.51 (0.63, 4.29) | 901 | 2.09 (0.87) | 2.35 (0.5, 3.42) | 551 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184.5 (43.1) | 180 (65, 391) | 902 | 183.5 (45.6) | 178 (81, 428) | 552 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 42.3 (12) | 41 (8, 98) | 902 | 48.3 (14) | 46 (18, 115) | 552 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140 (19.1) | 138.5 (94, 260) | 902 | 136.7 (19.4) | 134.3 (85, 211) | 552 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72.3 (10.2) | 71.5 (36.5, 106) | 902 | 77.3 (11.6) | 77 (48.5, 122) | 552 |
High blood pressure medications (%) | 76.4 | Â | 902 | 84.1 | Â | 552 |
Statin use (%) | 43.8 | Â | 902 | 49.5 | Â | 552 |
Oral hypoglycemic medications (%) | 79.5 | Â | 902 | 76.3 | Â | 552 |
Insulin use (%) | 27.5 | Â | 902 | 42.2 | Â | 552 |